Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2021
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
employee
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
employee
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
graduate student
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
UDC 616.31
A review of the specialized literature for 15 years (from 2009 to 2025) on the problem of comparative assessment of implant survival after prosthetics of toothless jaws with non-removable arch prostheses supported by 4 (All-on-4) or 6 (All-on-6) intraosseous implants was conducted. The relevance of the study is due to the widespread use of complete adentia and the increasing interest in immediate functional load protocols. The purpose of the analysis was to identify the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors affecting the long-term stability of implants in various full-arch prosthetics. Information was collected from the Scopus, PubMed, PMC and eLibrary databases using the keywords: All-on-4, All-on-6, full-arch rehabilitation, immediate loading, delayed loading, implant survival. The analysis included clinical trials, prospective and retrospective observations, as well as systematic reviews containing data on follow-up periods of at least 12 months. The selection criteria were full-text access, clearly defined survival rates, and a description of the exercise protocol. 21 full-text articles were studied, the results indicate the high effectiveness of both techniques in the immediate period after implantation (after 12 months – 100 % survival rate) and high rates in the long term (more than 10 years) (>90 %). The dependence of the effectiveness of this type of prosthetics on topography (upper jaw — 90.7–97.4 %, lower jaw — 98.6–100 %) and the patient's gender (better in women than in men) has been established. The average survival rate for All-on-4 and All-on-6 prosthetics had no statistical differences. The survival time of implants with this type of prosthetics does not differ statistically significantly with immediate and delayed (3–4 months) loading.
All-on-4, All-on-6, full-arch rehabilitation, immediate loading, delayed loading, implant survival
1. Jaiswal S.B., Jain S., Jain V., Grover R.K., Kale A.A., Talreja L. Evaluation and Comparison of Stresses Between All-on-4 and All-on-6 Treatment Concepts With Three Different Prosthetic Materials in the Maxilla: A Finite Element Analysis Study. Cureus. 2024;16(10):e71362. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.71362
2. Chen J., Cai M., Yang J., Aldhohrah T., Wang Y. Immediate versus early or conventional loading dental implants with fixed prostheses: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2019;122(6): 516-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.05.013
3. Najafi H., Siadat H., Akbari S., Rokn A. Effects of Immediate and Delayed Loading on the Outcomes of All-on-4 Treatment: A Prospective Study. Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran). 2016;13(6):415-422. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5318498/
4. Tealdo T., Menini M., Bevilacqua M., Pera F., Pesce P., Signori A. et al. Immediate versus delayed loading of dental implants in edentulous maxillae: 6-year prospective study. The International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2014;27(3):207–214. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.3569
5. Uesugi T., Shimoo Y., Munakata M., Kataoka Y., Sato D., Yamaguchi K. et al. A Study of the Associated Risk Factors for Early Failure and the Effect of Photofunctionalisation in Full-Arch Immediate Loading Treatment Based on the All-on-Four Concept. Bioengineering (Basel). 2024;11(3):223. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030223
6. Kondo Y., Masaki C., Mukaibo T., Yano H.T., Iwasaki M., Hosokawa R. 5- to 15-Year Survival of Immediately Loaded Implants in Fully Edentulous Maxillae: A Multilevel Analysis in a Retrospective Cohort Study. The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. 2023;38(3):516-522. https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.10310
7. Uesugi T., Shimoo Y., Munakata M., Sato D., Yamaguchi K., Fujimaki M. et al. The All-on-four concept for fixed full-arch rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla and mandible: a longitudinal study in Japanese patients with 3–17-year follow-up and analysis of risk factors for survival rate. International journal of implant dentistry. 2023;9(1):43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-023-00511-0
8. Caramês J.M.M., Marques D.N.D.S., Caramês G.B., Francisco H.C.O., Vieira F.A. Implant Survival in Immediately Loaded Full-Arch Rehabilitations Following an Anatomical Classification System-A Retrospective Study in 1200 Edentulous Jaws. Journal of clinical medicine. 2021;10(21):5167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10215167
9. Peñarrocha M., Boronat A., Garcia B. Immediate loading of immediate mandibular implants with a full-arch fixed prosthesis: a preliminary study. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2009;67(6):1286-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2008.12.024
10. Toljanic J.A., Ekstrand K., Baer R.A., Thor A. Immediate Loading of Implants in the Edentulous Maxilla with a Fixed Provisional Restoration without Bone Augmentation: A Report on 5-Year Outcomes Data Obtained from a Prospective Clinical Trial. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2016;31(5):1164-1170. https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.4364
11. Zhang Y., Li S., Di P., Zhang Y., Wu A., Lin Y. Comparison of 4- or 6-implant supported immediate full-arch fixed prostheses: A retrospective cohort study of 217 patients followed up for 3-13 years. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2023;25(2):381-397. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.13170
12. Caramês J.M.M., Francisco H.C.O., Vieira F.A., Caramês G.B., Martins J.N.D.R., Marques D.N.D.S. Four vs. Six Implant Full-Arch Restorations A Direct Comparative Retrospective Analysis in a Large Controlled Treatment Cohort. Journal of Clinical Medicine 2025;14(12):4237. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124237
13. Sharafa M.A., Wang S., Mashrah M.A., Xu Y., Haider O., He F. Outcomes that may affect implant and prosthesis survival and complications in maxillary fixed prosthesis supported by four or six implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon. 2024;10(3):e24365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24365
14. Toia M., Moreira C.S., Dias D.R., Corrà E., Ravidà A., Cecchinato D. Fixed Full-Arch Maxillary Prostheses Supported by Four Versus Six Implants: 5-Year Results of a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2025;36(3):298–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.14383
15. de Luna Gomes J.M., Lemos C.A.A., Santiago Junior J.F., de Moraes S.L.D., Goiato M.C., Pellizzer E.P. Optimal number of implants for complete-arch implant-supported prostheses with a follow-up of at least 5 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2019;121(5):766-774.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.06.001
16. Fathi A., Hashemi S., Tabatabaei S., Atash R. Evaluation of the survival rate of full-arch implant-supported fixed prostheses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2023;15(3):230–238. https://rjor.ro/evaluation-of-the-survival-rate-of-full-arch-implant-supported-fixed-prostheses-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/
17. Pera P., Menini M., Pesce P., Bevilacqua M., Pera F., Tealdo T. Immediate Versus Delayed Loading of Dental Implants Supporting Fixed Full-Arch Maxillary Prostheses: A 10-year Follow-up Report. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2019;32(1):27-31. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.5804
18. Peñarrocha-Oltra D., Covani U., Peñarrocha M., Peñarrocha-Diago M. Immediate versus conventional loading with fixed full-arch prostheses in mandibles with failing dentition: a prospective controlled study. The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2015;30(2):427-434. https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.3534
19. Thome G., Caldas W., Vianna C.P., Cartelli C.A., Trojan L.C. Surgical and Prosthetic Outcomes of 967 Implants Under Immediate or Delayed Loading in Full-Arch Rehabilitation: a Retrospective Study With up To 5 Years of Follow-Up. Journal of Brazilian Dental Science. 2021;24(3). https://doi.org/10.14295/bds.2021.v24i3.2403
20. Gallardo Y.N.R., da Silva-Olivio I.R., Gonzaga L., Sesma N., Martin W. A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes on Patients Rehabilitated with Complete-Arch Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses According to the Time of Loading. The Journal of Prosthodontics. 2019;28(9):958-968. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13104
21. Kaneda K., Kondo Y., Masaki C., Mukaibo T., Tsuka S., Tamura A. et al. Ten-year survival of immediate-loading implants in fully edentulous mandibles in the Japanese population: a multilevel analysis. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2019;63(1):35-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2018.04.001
22. Dedova V.A. Ortopedicheskie konstrukcii po koncepcii All-on-4. V: Aktual'nye voprosy studencheskoy medicinskoy nauki i obrazovaniya: Materialy VIII Vserossiyskoy s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem studencheskoy nauchno-obrazovatel'noy konferencii; Ryazan'; 13 maya 2022 goda. Ryazan': Ryazanskiy gosudarstvennyy medicinskiy universitet imeni akademika I.P. Pavlova; 2022. S. 156-157. [Dedova V.A. Orthopedic structures based on the All-on-4 concept. In: Current issues of student medical science and education: Proceedings of the VIII All-Russian Student Scientific and Educational Conference with International participation; Ryazan; May 13, 2022. Ryazan: Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I. P. Pavlov; 2022. Pp. 156-157. (In Russ.)]. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49742042
23. Borba M., Deluiz D., Lourenço E.J.V., Oliveira L., Tannure P.N. Risk factors for implant failure: A retrospective study in an educational institution using GEE analyses. Brazilian oral research. 2017;31:e69. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2017.vol31.0069
24. Maló P., Nobre M.A., Lopes A., Ferro A., Botto J. The All-on-4 treatment concept for the rehabilitation of the completely edentulous mandible: A longitudinal study with 10 to 18 years of follow-up. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2019;21(4):565–577. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12769
25. Jemt T., Nilsson M., Olsson M., Stenport V.F. Associations between early implant failure, patient age, and patient mortality: A 15-year follow-up study on 2566 patients treated with implant-supported prostheses in the edentulous jaw. The International journal of prosthodontics. 2017; 30(2):189–197. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.4933
26. Marković A., Mišić T., Janjić B., Šćepanović M., Trifković B., Ilić B. et al. Immediate Vs Early Loading of Bone Level Tapered Dental Implants with Hydrophilic Surface in Rehabilitation of Fully Edentulous Maxilla: Clinical and Patient Centered Outcomes. The Journal of oral implantology. 2022;48(5):358–369. https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-21-00045
27. Shen H., Di P., Luo J., Lin Y. Clinical assessment of implant-supported full-arch immediate prostheses over 6 months of function. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2019; 21(3):473–481. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12784
28. Troiano G., Lo Russo L., Canullo L., Ciavarella D., Lo Muzio L., Laino L. Early and Late Implant Failure of Submerged versus Non-Submerged Implant Healing: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2018;45(5):613–623. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12890
29. Maló P., de Araújo Nobre M., Lopes A., Ferro A., Nunes M. The All-on-4 Concept for Full-arch Rehabilitation of the Edentulous Maxillae: A Longitudinal Study with 5-13 Years of Follow-up. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2019;21(4):538–549. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12771
