Ekaterinburg, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Ekaterinburg, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Ekaterinburg, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Subject. Congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate is one of the most common malformations of the maxillofacial region which percentage is 86-88 %. This defect causes a complex set of anatomical and functional changes in the structures of the face and palate, it negatively affects the development of the child's body, therefore, it requires competent definition and extensive professional knowledge on its systematization and early elimination. The purpose of research — study of the incidence of asymmetric cleft lip and palate on children and complement the clinical and anatomical classification of clefts options asymmetry of the affected tissues. Methodology. There was carried out a retrospective statistical analysis of case histories of 687 patients with congenital cleft of the upper lip and / or palate, who received treatment on the basis of State Autonomic Health Institution of the Sverdlovsk Region Multiprofile Clinical Medical Center «Bonum» for the period 2015—2019 with the determination of the variety of types of lesions. Results. Asymmetry of the affected tissues occurred in 8.59 % of cases of the total number of children (687 patients) who was born with maxillofacial pathology of the upper lip and palate which required clarification of the clinical anatomical classification and the choice of individual treatment tactics. A clinical and anatomical classification that takes into account asymmetric clefts of the upper lip and palate was proposed. Conclusions. The allocation of asymmetric clefts of the upper lip and palate into certain groups of lesions and an assessment of their frequency made it possible to present a classification of this type of defect, which expanded the idea of the variety of anomalies of the maxillofacial region. The classification we proposed takes into account in more detail the clinical features of the congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate and, thus, more fully meets the clinical requirements and international standards, which allowed us to develop new methods of surgical treatment of congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate, as well as to build management tactics for such patients together with other specialists.
congenital clefts of the upper lip and palate, frequency of asymmetric, lesions of the maxillofacial region, classification
1. Bimbas, E. S., Blokhina, S. I., Menshikova, E. V., Ershova, O. Yu. (2018). Primeneniye sovremennykh ortodonticheskikh i khirurgicheskikh tekhnologiy v kompleksnoy reabilitatsii detey s vrozhdennoy rasshchelinoy verkhney guby, al’veolyarnogo otrostka i noba [The use of modern orthodontic and surgical technologies in the complex rehabilitation of children with congenital cleft lip, alveolar bone and palate]. Problemy stomatologii [Problems of dentistry], 14, 4, 71-76. (In Russ.)
2. Bulatovskaya, B. Ya., Blokhina, S. I. (1978). Novaya forma organizacii dispansernogo nablyudeniya za det'mi s vrozhdennymi rasshchelinami lica i neba [A new form of organization of dispensary observation for children with congenital clefts of the face and palate.]. Specializirovannaya pomoshch' v hirurgii [Specialized Surgery Assistance], 65-69. (In Russ.)
3. Bulatovskaya, B. Ya. (1974). Opyt kompleksnogo lecheniya detej i podrostkov s vrozhdennymi rasshchelinami lica i neba v usloviyah centralizovannoj dispanserizacii: Avtoreferat dissertacii doktora medicinskih nauk [Experience in the complex treatment of children and adolescents with congenital clefts of the face and palate in a centralized medical examination: Abstract of a dissertation of a doctor of medical sciences.], 54. (In Russ.)
4. Bulatovskaya, B. Ya. (1959). Chastota razlichnyh form vrozhdennyh rasshchelin guby i ih klassifikaciya [The frequency of various forms of congenital cleft lip and their classification]. Stomatologiya [Stomatology], 38 (3), 42-43. (In Russ.)
5. Galonskij, V. G. (2012). Rasprostranennost' vrozhdennyh rasshchelin verhnej guby, al'veolyarnogo otrostka verhnej chelyusti, tverdogo i myagkogo neba v Krasnoyarskom krae [The prevalence of congenital clefts of the upper lip, alveolar process of the upper jaw, hard and soft palate in the Krasnoyarsk Territory]. Stomatologiya detskogo vozrasta i profilaktika [Pediatric stomatology and prevention], 3, 28-34. (In Russ.)
6. Golyshev, A. Ya. (2004). Ispol'zovanie integral'nogo pokazatelya esteticheskogo ushcherba v plasticheskoj hirurgii [The use of an integral indicator of aesthetic damage in plastic surgery]. Vestnik hirurgii im. I. I. Grekova. [Herald of Surgery named of I. I. Grekov]. (In Russ.)
7. Korsak, A. K. (2013). Detskaya hirurgicheskaya stomatologiya [Pediatric surgical dentistry]. 527. (In Russ.)
8. Kabanova, A. A. (2003). Hirurgicheskaya stomatologiya i chelyustno-licevaya hirurgiya detskogo vozrasta [Surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery of children]. 376. (In Russ.)
9. Kuznecov, N. A. (2017). Klassifikacii v medicine: principy postroeniya i klinicheskoe znachenie [Classifications in medicine: principles of construction and clinical significance]. Klinicheskaya medicina [Clinical medicine], 95 (5), 474-480. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2017-95-5-474-480. (In Russ.)
10. Mamedov, Ad. A. (2002). Kliniko-anatomicheskaya klassifikaciya vrozhdennoj rasshcheliny verhnej guby i neba [Clinical and anatomical classification of congenital cleft upper lip and palate]. Vrozhdennaya i nasledstvennaya patologiya golovy, lica i shei u detej: aktual'nye voprosy kompleksnogo lecheniya [Congenital and hereditary pathology of the head, face and neck of children: current issues of complex treatment], 155-157. (In Russ.)
11. Muratov, I. V., Semyonov, M. G. (2016). Orofacialnye rasshcheliny. Chast' I: uchebnoe posobie [Orofacial clefts. Part I: study guide]. Chelovek [Man], 48. (In Russ.)
12. Blokhina, S. I., Bobrovich, T. N., Leonov, A. G. (2012). Organizaciya deyatel'nosti oblastnogo centra po lecheniyu detej s vrozhdennoj chelyustno-licevoj patologiej, posledstviya travm i ozhogov [Organization of the activities of the regional center for the treatment of children with congenital maxillofacial pathology, the consequences of injuries and burns]. Vrozhdennaya i nasledstvennaya patologiya golovy, lica i shei u detej: aktual'nye voprosy kompleksnogo lecheniya: materialy IV Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii [Congenital and hereditary pathology of the head, face and neck in children: topical issues of complex treatment: materials of the IV All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference], 34-39. (In Russ.)
13. Korsak, A. K. (2016). Poliklinicheskaya i gospitalnaya detskaya hirurgicheskaya stomatologiya [Outpatient and hospital children's surgical dentistry], 527. (In Russ.)
14. Blokhina, S. I. (2009). Specializirovannaya dispanserizaciya detej s vrozhdennoj chelyustno-licevoj patologiej: modeli i effekty [Specialized medical examination of children with congenital maxillofacial pathology: models and effects]. Vrozhdennaya i nasledstvennaya patologiya golovy, lica i shei u detej: aktual'nye voprosy kompleksnogo lecheniya : sbornik nauchnyh trudov III Vserossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii [Congenital and hereditary pathology of the head, face and neck in children: topical issues of complex treatment : a collection of scientific papers of the III All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference], 50-53. (In Russ.)
15. Topol'nickij, O. Z. (2011). Atlas po detskoj hirurgicheskoj stomatologii i chelyustno-licevoj hirurgii [Atlas on pediatric surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery]. 264. https://www.rosmedlib.ru/book/ISBN9785970418260.html (In Russ.)
16. Harkov, L. V. (2009). Klassifikaciya vrozhdennyh nesrashchenij verhnej guby i neba [Classification of congenital nonunions of the upper lip and palate]. Vestnik stomatologii [Bulletin of stomatology], 3, 107-113. (In Russ.)
17. Harkov, L. V. (2009). Kliniko-hirurgicheskaya klassifikaciya vrozhdennyh nesrashchenij verhnej guby i neba [Clinical and surgical classification of congenital nonunions of the upper lip and palate]. Vestnik stomatologii [Bulletin of stomatology], 2, 36-41. (In Russ.)
18. Topolnitsky, O. Z., Davydov, B. N., Bessonov, S. N., Chuykin, S. V., Gonzakov, G. V., Fedotov, S. A., Yasonov, R. N., Ivanov, A. L., Mamedov, A. A. (2019). Chelyustno-licevaya hirurgiya [Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery]. 692. (In Russ.)
19. Chuykin, S. V., Davletshin, N. A., Chuykin, O. S., Dzhumartov, N. N,.Kucuk, K. N., Grin, E. A., Muratov, A. M., Gilmanov, M. V. (2019). Algoritm reabilitatsii detey s vrozhdennoy rasshchelinoy verkhney guby i noba v regione s ecotoxicantami [Algotithm of children`s rehabilitation with cleft lip and palate in the region with ecotoxicants]. Problemy stomatologii [Problems of dentistry], 15, 2, 89-96. (In Russ.)
20. Chujkin, S. V., Persin, L. S., Davletshin, N. A. (2008). Vrozhdyonnaya rasshchelina verhnej guby i nyoba [Congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate]. 363. (In Russ.)
21. Chuikin, S. V., Dzhumartov N. N., Chuykin O. S., Kuchuk K. N.,Grin E. A., Muratov A. M., Chuykin G. L., Gilmanov M. V. (2019). Kliniko-anatomicheskiye formy vrozhdonnoy rasshcheliny verkhney guby i neba v regione s ecotoxicantami [Clinical and anatomical forms of congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate in the region with ecotoxicants]. Problemy stomatologii [Problems of dentistry], 15, 3, 127-132. (In Russ.)
22. Allori, A. C. (2015). Classification of cleft lip/palate: then and now. Cleft Palate Craniofac, 54, 2, 175-188. DOI: 10.1597 / 14-080
23. Elsherbiny, A. (2017). Comprehensive and reliable classification system forprimary diagnosis of cleft lip and palate. J Cranio-maxillo-facial Surg, 45, 1010-1017. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2017.03.008
24. Khan, M. (2013). A revised classification of the cleft lip and palate. Can J Plast Surg. 21, 1, 48-50. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/229255031302100102
25. Koch, J. (2003). Facial clefts and their coding with LAHS nomenclature. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 7 6, 339-344. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-003-0502-z
26. Kummer, A. W. (2014) Cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies. Delmar, 49.
27. Liu, Q. (2007). A simple and precise classification for cleft lip and palate: a fivedigit numerical recording system. Cleft Palate Craniofac J, 44, 465-468. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1597/07-235.1
28. Millard, D. R. (1990). Improved primary surgical and dental treatment of clefts. Plast Reconstr Surg. 86, 5, 856-871. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199011000-00006
29. Rodrigues, R. (2018). SPINA classification of cleft lip and palate: A suggestion for a complement. Archives de Pediatrie. 25, 7, 439-441. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2018.08.001
30. Smith, A. W. (1998). A modification of the Kernahan "Y" classification in cleft lip and palate deformities. Plast Reconstr Surg. 102, 6, 1842-1847. DOI: 10.1097 / 00006534-199811000-00005
