student from 01.01.2024 until now
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2021
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
UDC 616.31
Objective. To systematize current data on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of periodontal tissue remodeling in response to traumatic occlusion, with a focus on key signaling pathways and promising therapeutic targets. Materials and Methods. A narrative literature review was conducted based on the analysis of publications from 2010 to 2025 in the PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka databases. The selection criteria included original experimental and clinical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses focusing on the pathophysiology of traumatic occlusion and related processes of mechanotransduction, bone remodeling, and impaired microcirculation. Results. The key pathogenetic factor was identified as specific pressure (force/area), rather than the absolute magnitude of the masticatory load. The tissue response is complex and phased: initial suppression of osteogenesis and metabolic imbalance are followed by the activation of osteoclastogenesis via the RANKL/RANK/OPG system, the NLRP3-IL-1β pathway, and oxidative stress mediated by the TRPM2 channel. Impaired microcirculation, ischemia, and hypoxia serve as a critical link between mechanical stress and biochemical disturbances, leading to the suppression of aerobic respiration and metabolic depression. Concurrently, compensatory and reparative processes are activated in the periodontal ligament, including the induction of heat shock proteins (HSP47, HSP70) and the remodeling of the collagen matrix involving type XII collagen. Conclusions. Traumatic occlusion is a multifactorial pathological process involving a complex cascade of molecular and cellular reactions. Effective treatment requires a comprehensive approach that combines the mandatory elimination of occlusal disorders and active anti-inflammatory therapy. Promising research directions include the development of methods targeting key molecular targets (RANKL, NLRP3, TRPM2, HSP47) and the implementation of personalized diagnostics based on biochemical markers and genetic features.
traumatic occlusion, periodontium, mechanotransduction, RANKL, bone resorption, periodontal ligament, HSP47, osteoclastogenesis, NLRP3
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2. Wan H.-Y., Sun H.-Q., Sun G.-X., Li X., Shang Z.-Z. The early phase response of rat alveolar bone to traumatic occlusion. Archives of Oral Biology. 2012;57(6):737-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.01.002
3. Mimura H., Takaya T., Matsuda S., Nakano K., Muraoka R., Tomida M. et al. Functional Role of HSP47 in the Periodontal Ligament Subjected to Occlusal Overload in Mice. International journal of medical sciences. 2016;13(4):248-254. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.14129
4. Uryas'eva E.V. Dinamika stepeni aktivnosti fermentnyh sistem parodonta na fone travmaticheskoy okklyuzii. Kubanskiy nauchnyy medicinskiy vestnik. 2009;(2):129-132. [Uryasyeva E.V. The dynamic of fermental parodontal system activity against traumatic occlusion. Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin. 2009;(2):129-132. (In Russ.)]. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=12918591
5. Jiang M., Shang Z., Zhang T., Yin X., Liang X., Sun H. Study on the role of pyroptosis in bone resorption induced by occlusal trauma with or without periodontitis. Journal of periodontal research. 2022;57(3):448–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12974
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7. Nicolae X.A., Preoteasa E., Murariu-Măgureanu C., Preoteasa C.T. Cross-Sectional Study of Occlusal Loading and Periodontal Status of Teeth with Deflective Occlusal Contacts. Bioengineering. 2025;12(7):766. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070766
8. Gaydarova T.A., Liflyander-Pacherskih A.A. Reparativno-adaptacionnye vozmozhnosti tkaney parodonta u bol'nyh bruksizmom. V: Ushnickiy I.D., red. Aktual'nye problemy i perspektivy razvitiya stomatologii v usloviyah Severa: Sbornik statey Mezhregional'noy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii, posvyaschennoy 65-letiyu Medicinskogo instituta FGAOU VO "Severo-Vostochnyy federal'nyy universitet imeni M.K. Ammosova"; Yakutsk; 15 noyabrya 2022 goda. Yakutsk: Severo-Vostochnyy federal'nyy universitet imeni M.K. Ammosova; 2022. S. 189-195. [Gaydarova T.A., Liflyander-Pacherskikh A.A. Reparative-adaptive capabilities of periodontal tissues in patients with bruxism. In: Ushnitsky I.D., ed. Actual problems and prospects of dentistry development in the conditions of the North: A collection of articles of the Interregional Scientific and Practical Conference dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Medical Institute of the Northeastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov; Yakutsk; November 15, 2022. Yakutsk: Northeastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov; 2022. Pp. 189-195. (In Russ.)]. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=ayntcl
9. Abdalla H.B., Clemente-Napimoga J.T., Trindade-da-Silva C.A., Alves L.J., Prats R.D.S., Youssef A. et al. Occlusion Heightened by Metal Crown Cementation is Aggressive for Periodontal Tissues. Journal of prosthodontics. 2021;30(2):142-149. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13235
10. Abolmasov N.N., Prygunov K.A., Adaeva I.A., Chebotarenko O.Yu., Anisov N.V., Abolmasov I.N. i dr. Real'naya i potencial'naya yatrogeniya pri restavracii okklyuzionnoy poverhnosti bokovyh zubov. Klinicheskaya stomatologiya. 2023;26(2):58-65. [Abolmasov N.N., Prygunov K.A., Adaeva I.A., Chebotarenko O.Yu., Anisov N.V., Abolmasov I.N. et al. Actual and potential iatrogeny during restoration masticatory teeth occlusion surface. Clinical Dentistry (Russia). 2023;26(2):58-65. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.37988/1811-153X_2023_2_58
11. Arita Y., Yoshinaga Y., Kaneko T., Kawahara Y., Nakamura K., Ohgi K. et al. Glyburide inhibits the bone resorption induced by traumatic occlusion in rats. Journal of Periodontal Research. 2020;55(3):464-471. https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12731
12. Jiang Y., Chen J., Guo S., Cui W., Zhou Y., Chen X. et al. Role of TRPM2 in Oxidative Stress-Mediated Bone Loss in Periodontitis. Journal of Dental Research. 2025;104(10):1105-1115. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345251329330
13. Degtyareva Yu.V., Korenovskiy Yu.V., Oreshaka O.V., Atabaeva O.A. Rol' matriksnyh metalloproteinaz v razvitii vospalitel'nyh zabolevaniy parodonta. Parodontologiya. 2018;23(2):11-14. [Degtyareva Yu.V., Korenovsky Yu.V., Oreshaka O.V., Atabaeva O.A. The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Periodontology. 2018;23(2):11-14. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.25636/PMP.1.2018.2.2
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16. Kogai H., Nakajima K., Ser-Od T., Al-Wahabi A., Matsuzaka K., Nakagawa T. et al. HSP70 mRNA expression by cells of the epithelial rest of Malassez due to mechanical forces in vitro. BMC Oral Health. 2016;16:22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-016-0181-4
17. Tsuzuki T., Kajiya H., T-Goto K., Tsutsumi T., Nemoto T., Okabe K. et al. Hyperocclusion stimulates the expression of collagen type XII in periodontal ligament. Archives of Oral Biology. 2016;66:86-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.02.009
18. Nalini M.S., Sinha M., Thumati P., Raghunath A. Evaluation of the Effect of Occlusal Calibration in Periodontitis Patients with Occlusal Trauma Using T-Scan. Indian Journal of Dental Research. 2024;35(1):23-27. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_40_23
19. Dewake N., Miki M., Ishioka Y., Nakamura S., Taguchi A., Yoshinari N. Association between clinical manifestations of occlusal trauma and magnetic resonance imaging findings of periodontal ligament space. Dento maxillo facial Radiology. 2023;52(8):20230176. https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20230176
20. Xu W., Lu Q., Qu M., Fan R., Leng S., Wang L. et al. Wnt4 regulates bone metabolism through IKK-NF-κB and ROCK signaling under occlusal traumatic periodontitis. Journal of periodontal research. 2022;57(3):461-469. https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12975
21. Fan J., Caton J.G. Occlusal trauma and excessive occlusal forces: Narrative review, case definitions, and diagnostic considerations. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2018;45(Suppl 20):S199-S206. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12949
