Ufa, Ufa, Russian Federation
Ufa, Ufa, Russian Federation
Ufa, Ufa, Russian Federation
UDK 616.31 Стоматология. Заболевания ротовой полости и зубов
GRNTI 76.29 Клиническая медицина
Subject. According to WHO, today thyroid diseases occur in almost 30% of the world's population. Pathologies of the thyroid gland are characterized by damage to various tissues and systems of the body, which makes this topic relevant for doctors of many specialties, including dentists. Objectives. Study the manifestations of thyroid hypofunction in the oral cavity and periodontal tissues. Methodology. This article analyzes sources from the Pub Med, Cyberleninka, and eLIBRARY databases. The search was carried out using keywords. The criteria for reviewing scientific publications were the presence of thyroid pathology in the individuals studied. Results. Modern studies show that thyroid hormones have a significant effect on the state of the dentoalveolar system. Specific objective signs of hypothyroidism in the oral cavity were studied: pale color of the oral mucosa, swelling of the tongue, tooth marks on the tongue. Patients with hypothyroidism are characterized by high indicators of GI and KPI indices, a higher KPI index, lower indicators of oral hygiene, as well as a high prevalence of chronic generalized periodontitis and carious process. Also, this pathology is characterized by changes in the tissues of the salivary glands, disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, activation of immune inflammation in the periodontal tissues. Conclusions. Further research is needed to analyze the risk factors for aggressive oral diseases in patients with hypothyroidism and improve dental therapeutic approaches that take into account the condition of the thyroid gland and the features of the pathogenesis of dental disease.
periodontal disease, hypothyroidism, thyroid gland, caries, dental status
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