graduate student
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
employee
Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation
employee
Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
UDC 616.31
Subject. The Relationship Between Age, Sex, Childhood Dietary Patterns, and Jaw Position Anomalies Objectives. To evaluate the association between the occurrence of dentoalveolar anomalies and clinical and anamnestic patient parameters. Methodology. A retrospective analysis of medical records from the "PreziDent" Dental Clinic (Moscow) for the period 2020–2025 was performed. Inclusion criteria: availability of diagnostic data, comprehensive evaluation of the dentoalveolar system, and medical history; age > 18 years; signed informed consent. Exclusion criteria: severe somatic conditions affecting dentofacial development; incomplete data; history of orthognathic surgery; primary or secondary adentia. The final sample comprised 295 patients (166 women, 129 men). Clinical and anamnestic parameters were coded as categorical variables; patient age was treated as a quantitative variable. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Protocol No. [02–24], January 29, 2024). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (v. 26, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and Microsoft Excel (2016, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The study identified a temporal pattern in the presentation of jaw position anomalies: patients with such anomalies were marginally older (median age 28.0 years) compared to those without anomalies (median age 25.0 years, p = 0.055). Dental arch form anomalies were significantly more prevalent (p = 0.023) among males (15.5%) than females (7.2%). No statistically significant differences in early-life dietary patterns or timing of tooth eruption were observed between sexes. Conclusion. This study identified several clinically relevant, though not always statistically significant, trends in the development of jaw position anomalies and revealed potential formative factors. These findings highlight the multifactorial etiology of these pathologies, which necessitate a comprehensive approach to treatment and prevention.
dentofacial anomalies, tooth eruption timing, dietary patterns, dental arch anomalies, malocclusion, cross-sectional study
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