1. Büyük F.N., Savran E., Karpat F. Review on finite element analysis of dental implants. Journal of Dental Implant Research. 2022;41(3):50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54527/jdir.2022.41.3.50
2. Lemos C.A.A., Verri F.R., Noritomi P.Y., Kemmoku D.T., Souza Batista V.E. de, Cruz R.S. et al. Effect of bone quality and bone loss level around internal and external connection implants: A finite element analysis study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2021;125(1): 137.e1-137.e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.06.029
3. Adatia N.D., Bayne S.C., Cooper L.F., Thompson J.Y. Fracture Resistance of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Dental Implant Abutments. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2009;18(1):17–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849x.2008.00378.x
4. Al-Thobity A.M. Titanium Base Abutments in Implant Prosthodontics: A Literature Review. European Journal of Dentistry. 2021;16(01):49–55. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735423
5. Camps-Font O., Rubianes-Porta L., Valmaseda-Castellón E., Jung R.E., Gay-Escoda C., Figueiredo R. Comparison of external, internal flat-to-flat, and conical implant abutment connections for implant-supported prostheses: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2023;30(3):327-340. https://www.thejpd.org/article/S0022-3913(21)00529-1/fulltext
6. Rubianes-Porta L., Traver-Méndez V., Ghiorghiu R., Piera-Auguet J., Subirà-Pifarré C., Figueiredo R. et al. Impact of implant-abutment connection design on biological and mechanical outcomes in posterior single-tooth restorations: A randomized clinical trial. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published online July 14, 2025. Online ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.06.022
7. Derksen W., Joda T., Chantler J., Fehmer V., Gallucci G.O., Gierthmuehlen P.C. et al. Group 2 ITI Consensus Report: Technological developments in implant prosthetics. Clinical oral implants research. 2023;34(S26):104–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.14148
8. Falcinelli C., Valente F., Vasta M., Traini T. Finite element analysis in implant dentistry: State of the art and future directions. Dental Materials. 2023;39(6):539–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2023.04.002
9. María Prados-Privado, Ivorra C., Martínez-Martínez C., Gehrke S.A., José Luis Calvo-Guirado, Prados-Frutos J.C. A Finite Element Analysis of the Fatigue Behavior and Risk of Failure of Immediate Provisional Implants. Metals. 2019;9(5):535. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9050535
10. Chang Y., Tambe A.A., Maeda Y., Wada M., Gonda T. Finite element analysis of dental implants with validation: to what extent can we expect the model to predict biological phenomena? A literature review and proposal for classification of a validation process. International journal of implant dentistry. 2018;4(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0119-5
11. Gallardo Y.N.R., da Silva-Olivio I.R., Gonzaga L., Sesma N., Martin W. A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes on Patients Rehabilitated with Complete-Arch Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses According to the Time of Loading. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2019;28(9):958–968. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13104
12. Kim W., Li X.C., Bidra A.S. Clinical outcomes of implant‐supported monolithic zirconia crowns and fixed partial dentures: A systematic review. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2022;32(2):102–107. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13575
13. Prados-Privado M., Martínez-Martínez C., Gehrke S.A., Prados-Frutos J.C. Influence of Bone Definition and Finite Element Parameters in Bone and Dental Implants Stress: A Literature Review. Biology. 2020;9(8):224. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9080224
14. Shahad Mohammed Shakir, Saja Ali Muhsin, Raad Al Marza. Finite Element Modelling Based Studies for Dental Implants: Systematic Review. Journal of techniques. 2022;4(33):155–169. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v4i33.771
15. Tribst J.P.M., Dal Piva A.M.d.O., da Silva-Concílio L.R., Ausiello P., Kalman L. Influence of Implant-Abutment Contact Surfaces and Prosthetic Screw Tightening on the Stress Concentration, Fatigue Life and Microgap Formation: A Finite Element Analysis. Oral. 2021;1(2):88–101. https://doi.org/10.3390/oral1020009
16. González-Mederos P., Rodríguez-Guerra J., González J., Picardo A., Torres Y. A Finite Element Analysis of a New Dental Implant Design: The Influence of the Diameter, Length, and Material of an Implant on Its Biomechanical Behavior. Materials. 2025;18(12):2692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18122692
17. Nokar S., Jalali H., Nozari F., Arshad M. Finite Element Analysis of Stress in Bone and Abutment-Implant Interface under Static and Cyclic Loadings. Frontiers in Dentistry. 2020;17(21):1-8. https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v17i21.4315
18. Widjaja W., Hartung C. Biomechanische Untersuchungen und Finite-Elemente-Analysen an einem Knochen-Implantat-Verbund - Biomechanical Investigations and Finite Element Analysis of a Bone-implant Interface. Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering. 2001;46(12):351–354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmte.2001.46.12.351
19. Hussein M.O. Stress-strain distribution at bone-implant interface of two splinted overdenture systems using 3D finite element analysis. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2013;5(3):333–340. https://doi.org/10.4047/jap.2013.5.3.333
20. Ovesy M., Voumard B., Zysset P. A nonlinear homogenized finite element analysis of the primary stability of the bone–implant interface. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology. 2018;17(5):1471–1480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-018-1038-3



