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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">94956</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-1-80-86</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>THERAPEUTIC  DENTISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">SEXUAL DIMORPHISM AND INTERGROUP FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE HARD PALATE IN FOREIGN STUDENTS WHO ARRIVED FROM ASIAN AND AFRICAN REGIONS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ПОЛОВОЙ ДИМОРФИЗМ И МЕЖГРУППОВЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРОЕНИЯ ТВЕРДОГО НЕБА У ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ, ПРИБЫВШИХ ИЗ АЗИАТСКОГО И АФРИКАНСКОГО РЕГИОНОВ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Макеева</surname>
       <given-names>Мария Константиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Makeeva</surname>
       <given-names>Mariya Konstantinovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>makeeva_mk@pfur.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Геворкян</surname>
       <given-names>Алексей Альбертович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Gevorkyan</surname>
       <given-names>Alexey A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>gevorkyan-aa@rudn.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Киреева</surname>
       <given-names>Елизавета Игоревна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kireeva</surname>
       <given-names>Elizaveta I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>elizabeth.k.i@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Слонова</surname>
       <given-names>Вераника Муратовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Slonova</surname>
       <given-names>Veranika Muratovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>slonova-vm@rudn.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бутаева</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Таймуразовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Butaeva</surname>
       <given-names>Natalia Taymurazovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>butaeva-nt@rudn.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кожевникова</surname>
       <given-names>Людмила Алексеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kozhevnikova</surname>
       <given-names>Lyudmila Alekseevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kozhevnikova-la@rudn.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Виргинская</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Вячеславовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Virginskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Olga Vyacheslavovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>o_vir@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">RUDN University</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника «Era Dental Clinica (Union Dent)»</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Era Dental Clinica (Union Dent)</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумб</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-01T20:07:47+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-01T20:07:47+03:00">
    <day>01</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>21</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>80</fpage>
   <lpage>86</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>02</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/94956/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/94956/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель – выявление полового диморфизма и межгрупповых особенностей строения твердого неба среди иностранных обучающихся, прибывших из Азиатского и Африканского регионов.&#13;
Материалы и методы. В ходе данного описательного клинического исследования были осмотрены 211 иностранных студентов, из них 99 мужчин, 112 женщин, средний возраст составил 23,02 ± 2,48 года. Участники заполняли анонимную анкету, им проводили снятие оттисков с последующим изготовлением диагностических моделей, на которых замеряли параметры неба (длину, ширину, а также глубину в области первых моляров и индекс глубины неба).&#13;
Результаты. При оценке параметров неба, был выявлен половой диморфизм длины, ширины и глубины неба в области первых моляров, а также индекса глубины неба. Длина неба у женщин была достоверно выше, чем у мужчин (46,47 ± 2,76 мм и 44,28 ± 1,98 мм, соответственно (р=0,047)), тогда как ширина неба была выше у мужчин, чем у женщин (38,67 ± 1,31 мм и 35,95 ± 2,17 мм (р=0,033)). Участники персидской и арабской групп имели длину и ширину неба больше по сравнению с остальными. Студенты, прибывшие из Африканского региона, имели несколько меньшие длину и ширину неба, а наименьшая глубина небного свода была обнаружена у студентов из Китая. При оценке индекса глубины неба низкое небо (хамедолихостафилия) встретилось у 37 чел. (17,7%), среднее небо (ортодолихостафилия) – у 155 чел. (73,3%), высокое небо (гипсидолихостафилия) – у 19 чел. (9,0 %).&#13;
Заключение. Хотя параметры твердого неба демонстрируют как половой диморфизм, так и межгрупповую вариабельность, ни тот, ни другой фактор не связан со значительной изменчивостью морфологии твердого неба. Различия размеров являются достоверными, однако небольшими с точки зрения абсолютных значений. Количество языков/наречий/диалектов, на которых человек говорит с детства, демонстрирует достоверную взаимосвязь с глубиной неба в области первых моляров.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Objective: To identify sexual dimorphism and intergroup features of the structure of the hard palate among foreign students from the Asian and African regions.&#13;
Materials and methods: In the course of this descriptive clinical study, 211 foreign students were examined, including 99 men, 112 women, the average age was 23.02 ± 2.48 years. Participants filled out an anonymous questionnaire, impressions were taken, and diagnostic models were made on which the parameters of the palate were measured (length, width, and depth in the area of the first molars, index of palatine height).&#13;
Results: When assessing the parameters of the palate, sexual dimorphism was revealed in the length, width, and depth of the palate in the area of the first molars, as well as the palate depth index. The length of the palate was significantly higher in women than in men (46.47 ± 2.76 mm and 44.28 ± 1.98 mm, respectively (p = 0.047)), while the width of the palate was higher in men than in women (38.67 ± 1.31 mm and 35.95 ± 2.17 mm (p = 0.033)). Participants from Persian and Arab ethnic groups had longer and wider palates compared to others. Students from African region had slightly shorter palate length and width, and the shallowest palatal vault depth was found in students from China. When assessing the palate depth index, low palate (hamedolichostaphilia) was found in 37 people (17.7%), middle palate (orthodolychostaphilia) in 155 people (73.3%), and high palate (hypsidolichostaphilia) in 19 people (9.0%). &#13;
Conclusion: Although the parameters of the hard palate demonstrate both sexual dimorphism and intergroup variability, neither factor is associated with significant variability in the morphology of the hard palate. The differences in size are significant, but small in absolute terms. The number of languages/dialects/languages spoken since childhood demonstrates a significant relationship with the depth of the palate in the area of the first molars.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>параметры твердого неба</kwd>
    <kwd>иностранные студенты</kwd>
    <kwd>половой диморфизм</kwd>
    <kwd>межгрупповые различия</kwd>
    <kwd>хамедолихостафилия</kwd>
    <kwd>ортодолихостафилия</kwd>
    <kwd>гипсидолихостафилия</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>parameters of the hard palate</kwd>
    <kwd>foreign students</kwd>
    <kwd>sexual dimorphism</kwd>
    <kwd>intergroup characteristics</kwd>
    <kwd>hamedolichostaphilia</kwd>
    <kwd>orthodolychostaphilia</kwd>
    <kwd>hypsidolichostaphilia</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">There was no funding for this study</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
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