Actual problems in dentistry

Проблемы стоматологии

2077-7566 2412-9461

89584

10.18481/2077-7566-2024-20-3-5-13

ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ

LITERATURE REVIEW

ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ

MODERN MATERIALS USED IN THE REPARATIVE REGENERATION OF BONE TISSUE OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION (REVIEW)

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫЕ ПРИ РЕПАРАТИВНОЙ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ КОСТНОЙ ТКАНИ ЧЕЛЮСТНО-ЛИЦЕВОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Демяшкин

Григорий Александрович

Demyashkin

Grigory A.

dr.dga@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

Фидаров

Асланбек Феликсович

Fidarov

Aslanbek F.

08082012@bk.ru

Иванов

Сергей Юрьевич

Ivanov

Sergey Yuryevich

ivanov-syu@rudn.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

Орлов

Андрей Алексеевич

Orlov

Andrey A.

doctororlov@gmail.com

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Москва Россия First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov Moscow Russian Federation

Российский университет дружбы народов Москва Россия Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Moscow Russian Federation

НИИ общей патологии и патофизиологии Москва Россия Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology Moscow Russian Federation

31 10 2024

20 3 5 13 11 10 2024

https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/89584/view

Актуальной проблемой современной имплантологии остается разработка материалов и методов восстановления целостности костной ткани при возникновении ее дефектов. Важный аспект проблемы — обоснованность выбора остеопластического материала. Несмотря на достаточно успешное применение различных видов остеопластических материалов в клинической имплантологии, вопрос закрытия дефектов костной ткани остается предметом дискуссий и требует дальнейшего поиска и апробации различных остеопластических материалов. Цель исследования — провести анализ специализированной научной литературы по вопросу применяемых современных материалов при репаративной регенерации костной ткани челюстно-лицевой области и описать характеристики наиболее часто встречающихся остеопластических материалов для лечения дефектов костной ткани. Методология. Основу настоящего литературного обзора составили 63 источника из следующих баз данных: PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Medscape, Elibrary, ResearchGate, Google Scholar. Результаты. Представлено описание остеоиндуктивных материалов, применяемых при замещении костных дефектов в современной клинической практике: керамики, биокомпозиты на их основе, кораллы, синтетические кости, культуры мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, 3D-принтинг и др. Акценты сделаны на преимуществах и недостатках этих материалов. Выводы. На основании проведенного анализа литературы можно заключить, что проблема разработки и внедрения в клиническую практику остеопластических материалов — это сложная и многоуровневая сфера совместной деятельности специалистов различных областей. Наиболее перспективными направлениями для дальнейших исследований являются модификации остеопластических материалов на основе керамики с целью повышения их плотности, а также дополнительное культивирование мезенхимальных стволовых клеток и 3D-принтинг. Однако данные методы замещения обширных дефектов костной ткани также нуждаются в совершенствовании и в новых исследованиях.

An urgent problem of modern implantology remains the development of means and methods for restoring the integrity of bone tissue when defects occur. An important aspect of the problem remains the validity of the choice of osteoplastic material. Despite the fairly successful use of various types of osteoplastic materials in clinical implantology for the closure of small bone defects, the treatment of large diastases remains a subject of debate and requires further search and testing of various osteoplastic materials. Aim of the study: to analyze specialized scientific literature and describe the characteristics of the most common osteoplastic materials for replacing bone tissue defects. Methodology. This literature review was based on 63 sources from the following databases: PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Medscape, Elibrary, ResearchGate, Google Scholar. Results. A description of osteoinductive materials used to replace bone defects in modern clinical practice is presented: ceramics, biocomposites based on them, corals, synthetic bones, mesenchymal stem cell cultures, 3D printing, etc. Emphasis is placed on the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the literature, we can conclude that the problem of developing and introducing osteoplastic materials into clinical practice is a complex and multi-level area of joint activity of specialists in various fields. The most promising areas for further research are modifications of ceramic-based osteoplastic structures to increase their density, as well as additional cultivation of mesenchymal cells and 3D printing. However, these methods for replacing extensive bone tissue defects also need to be improved and new research conducted.

остеорегенерация остеопластический материал мезенхимальные стволовые клетки 3D-принтинг костный дефект

osteoregeneration osteoplastic material mesenchymal stem cells 3D printing bone defect

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