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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">64529</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-2023-19-1-19-24</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ETIOLOGY OF JAW OSTEOMYELITIS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭТИОЛОГИИ ОСТЕОМИЕЛИТА ЧЕЛЮСТЕЙ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-6578</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Файзуллина</surname>
       <given-names>Гузель Ахмятовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Fayzullina</surname>
       <given-names>Guzel Ahmyatovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>flamingo004@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8956-0690</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мирсаева</surname>
       <given-names>Фания Зартдиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mirsaeva</surname>
       <given-names>Faniya Zartdinovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Faniya-Mirsaeva@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Уфа</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Ufa</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Bashkirian State Medical University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-22T22:04:31+03:00">
    <day>22</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-22T22:04:31+03:00">
    <day>22</day>
    <month>05</month>
    <year>2023</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>19</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>19</fpage>
   <lpage>24</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-17T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>17</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/64529/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/64529/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Предмет. Трудности терапии воспалительного процесса костной ткани акцентируют внимание исследователей и практикующих врачей на ранней идентификации возбудителей остеомиелита, что является ключом к успешной терапии заболевания. Согласно цитируемым в базе данных The Сocrane Library публикациям, эпидемиология и этиологическая структура остеомиелита претерпевает в последние годы существенные изменения. Цель работы — представить актуальную информацию по этиологически значимым представителям микробной флоры при остеомиелите челюстей. Методология. Проведена поисковая работа с использованием международных научных баз данных PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Collaboration, Elsevier, а также электронных каталогов Elibrary и Cyberleninka по микробиологическим аспектам этиологии остеомиелита челюстей. &#13;
Результаты. Обзор публикаций продемонстрировал доминирующие позиции представителей рода Staphylococcus в этиологическом спектре хронического остеомиелита. Преобладающим патогеном является S. aureus. Доля инфекций, опосредованных S. epidermidis, S. Saprophyticus составляет в среднем порядка 25% случаев. Доля представителей грамотрицательной флоры Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia достигает 23% случаев. Согласно приведенным сведениям, возбудители грамотрицательной инфекции составляют 1/5 часть этиологического спектра хронического остеомиелита. Патогенные нозокомиальные штаммы P. aeruginosa также вовлечены в формирование хронического воспаления при остеомиелите. По результатам опубликованных исследований, более трети случаев хронического остеомиелита опосредовано микробными ассоциациями. В составе последних доминируют S. aureus, S. epidermidis и реже E. faecalis. При этом динамический анализ показал изменчивость микробного состава ассоциаций, что определяет дополнительные трудности в выборе актуальной этиотропной терапии и может стать причиной дальнейшего прогрессирования патологического процесса. &#13;
Выводы. Реализация эффективных методов терапии нуждается в новых информативных диагностических подходах. Вместе с тем чувствительность рутинных микробиологических анализов недостаточно высока. На современном этапе признана диагностическая ценность молекулярно-генетических методов на основе полимеразной цепной реакции.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Background. Difficulties in the treatment of the inflammatory process of bone tissue focus the attention of researchers and practitioners on the early identification of pathogens of osteomyelitis, which is the key to successful treatment of the disease. According to publications cited in The Cocrane Library database, the epidemiology and etiological structure of osteomyelitis has undergone significant changes in recent years. &#13;
The aim of the review is to provide up-to-date information on etiologically significant representatives of the microbial flora in osteomyelitis of the jaws. Methodology. Search work was carried out using international scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Collaboration, Elsevier, as well as electronic catalogs Elibrary and Cyberleninka on microbiological aspects of the etiology of osteomyelitis of the jaws. &#13;
Results. A review of publications has demonstrated the dominant position of representatives of the genus Staphylococcus in the etiological spectrum of chronic post-traumatic osteomyelitis. The predominant pathogen is S. aureus. The proportion of infections mediated by S. epidermidis, S. Saprophyticus is, on average, about 25% of cases. The proportion of representatives of the gram-negative flora Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia reaches 23% of cases. According to the above information, the causative agents of gram-negative infections make up 1/5 of the etiological spectrum of chronic osteomyelitis. Pathogenic nosocomial strains of P. aeruginosa are also involved in the formation of chronic inflammation in osteomyelitis. According to the results of published studies, more than a third of cases of chronic osteomyelitis are mediated by microbial associations. The latter are dominated by S. aureus, S. epidermidis and, less frequently, E. faecalis. At the same time, dynamic analysis showed the variability of the microbial composition of associations, which determines additional difficulties in choosing the actual etiotropic therapy and may cause further progression of the pathological process. &#13;
Conclusions. Implementation of effective methods of therapy requires new informative diagnostic approaches. However, the sensitivity of routine microbiological analyzes is not high enough. At the present stage, the diagnostic value of molecular genetic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction has been recognized.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>обзор литературы</kwd>
    <kwd>остеомиелит челюсти</kwd>
    <kwd>этиология</kwd>
    <kwd>микрофлора гнойных очагов</kwd>
    <kwd>микробиологический аспект остеомиелита</kwd>
    <kwd>микробные ассоциации остеомиелита</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>literature review</kwd>
    <kwd>osteomyelitis of the jaw</kwd>
    <kwd>etiology</kwd>
    <kwd>microflora of purulent foci</kwd>
    <kwd>microbiological aspect of osteomyelitis</kwd>
    <kwd>microbial associations of osteomyelitis</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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