Actual problems in dentistry

Проблемы стоматологии

2077-7566 2412-9461

122976

10.18481/2077-7566-2026-22-2-19-26

ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

TERAPEUTIC DENTISTRY. ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPERS

ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

FEATURES OF DENTISTRY ASSISTANCE TO PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH RADIATION THERAPY OF OROPHARYNGEAL TUMOURS

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОКАЗАНИЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ПАЦИЕНТАМ С ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯМИ, АССОЦИИРОВАННЫМИ С ЛУЧЕВОЙ ТЕРАПИЕЙ ОПУХОЛЕЙ ОРОФАРИНГЕАЛЬНОЙ ЗОНЫ

Адилханян

Владимир Альбертович

Adilkhanyan

Vladimir A.

adilh@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

Гуманюк

Татьяна Владимировна

Gumanyuk

Tatyana Vladimirovna

igumanyuk@mail.ru

Нуриева

Наталья Сергеевна

Nurieva

Natalya S.

natakipa@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

Адилханян

Анаида Владимировна

Adilkhanyan

Anaida V.

anaida.adilkhanyan@mail.ru

Клиника «ProSmile.ru» Москва Россия ProSmile.ru Clinic Moscow Russian Federation

Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский институт Челябинск Россия South Ural State Medical Institute Chelyabinsk Russian Federation

Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет Челябинск Россия South Ural State Medical University Chelyabinsk Russian Federation

Клиника «ProSmile.ru» Москва Россия ProSmile.ru Clinic Moscow Russian Federation

29 06 2026

22 2 19 26 07 05 2026

https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/122976/view

В систематическом обзоре представлены сведения о патологических процессах зубов и тканей полости рта после лучевой терапии злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) челюстно-лицевой области (ЧЛО). Для анализа и оценки данных литературных источников использовались материалы ресурсов eLIBRARY, PubMED, Scopus. Изучены научные работы, посвященные вопросам патогенеза клинических проявлений, методам лечения и профилактики осложнений, связанных с проведением лучевого лечения злокачественных новообразований челюстно-лицевой области. Представленные обобщенные результаты клинических и экспериментальных исследований показывают специфическое влияние дистанционной лучевой терапии злокачественных новообразований челюстно-лицевой области на особенности проявления патологии зубов и тканей полости рта, характеризующиеся интенсивным разрушением зубов и повреждений мягких тканей в ближайшие и отдаленные сроки после лечения. Дистанционная лучевая терапия, являющаяся основным методом лечения ЗНО ЧЛО, способствует возникновению морфологических изменений тканей зубов и полости рта. Изменения в состоянии мягких тканей и тканей зубов имеют непосредственную взаимосвязь с проведением лучевой терапии при ЗНО ЧЛО. На сегодняшний день среди специалистов отсутствует единое мнение о патогенетических механизмах лучевых реакций, методов их лечения и профилактики. У больных с ЗНО выявляется различный характер поражения твердых тканей зубов и мягких тканей полости рта в зависимости от места приложения лучевого воздействия. Проблема состояния зубов после дистанционной ɣ-терапии ЗНО ЧЛО остается неизученной в полной мере и требует проведения дальнейших исследований с целью определения тактики диспансерного наблюдения и особенностей применяемых лечебных, профилактических и реабилитационных стоматологических мероприятий.

This systematic review presents data on pathological changes in teeth and oral tissues following radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region (MFR). eLIBRARY, PubMED, and Scopus were used to analyze and evaluate the literature. Scientific works devoted to the issues of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, methods of treatment and prevention of complications associated with radiation therapy of malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region were studied. The presented generalized results of clinical and experimental studies demonstrate the specific influence of external beam radiation therapy of malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region on the features of the manifestation of pathology of teeth and oral tissues, characterized by intensive destruction of teeth and damage to soft tissues in the immediate and late periods after treatment. External beam radiation therapy, the primary treatment for maxillofacial cancer, causes morphological changes in dental and oral tissues. Changes in soft tissue and dental tissue are directly related to radiation therapy for maxillofacial cancer. Currently, there is no consensus among specialists regarding the underlying mechanisms of radiation reactions, their treatment, and prevention methods. Patients with malignant neoplasms exhibit varying degrees of damage to the hard tissues of the teeth and soft tissues of the oral cavity, depending on the location of the radiation exposure. The condition of teeth after remote ɣ-therapy for malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region remains poorly understood and requires further research to determine follow-up strategies and the specifics of therapeutic, preventive, and rehabilitative dental procedures.

ионизирующее излучение патогенез лучевые поражения радиомукозит остеорадионекроз лучевой кариес

ionizing radiation pathogenesis radiation injuries radiomucositis osteoradionecrosis radiation caries

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