Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 105489 10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-3-10-15 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRUG-INDUCED ORAL MUCOSITIS DURING CYTOSTATIC THERAPY OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ МЕДИКАМЕНТОЗНОГО ОРАЛЬНОГО МУКОЗИТА НА ФОНЕ ЦИТОСТАТИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕРАПИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ Нагаева Марина Олеговна Nagaeva Marina Olegovna

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Рябинина Марина Александровна Ryabinina Marina A. rya8ininam@yandex.ru Шестель Анна Игоревна Shestel Anna I. nagaeva_m@mail.ru Акопджанян Розалия Вардановна Akopdzhanyan Rozalia V. pashayanr@mail.ru Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation 29 10 2025 29 10 2025 21 3 10 15 17 10 2025 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/105489/view

Предмет. Медикаментозный оральный мукозит является одним из тяжелейших осложнений, проявляющийся повреждениями слизистой оболочки рта у пациентов, получающих химиотерапевтическое лечение. Распространенность медикаментозного орального мукозита при использовании химиотерапевтических препаратов составляет от 20% (при монотерапии) до 100% (при одновременном использовании радиотерапии и химиотерапии). Анализ и систематизация факторов, способствующих возникновению медикаментозного орального мукозита в процессе химиотерапевтического лечения необходимы для уточнения их прогностической роли. Цель – выявить и проанализировать факторы риска развития медикаментозного орального мукозита на фоне цитостатической терапии онкологических заболеваний, описанные в научных публикациях. Методология. Проведен контент-анализ данных научной литературы в базах-агрегаторах научных статей: PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar и др. по заданным ключевым словам. Публикации первоначально отбирались по названию, дате и аннотации. Далее выбирались публикации, доступные по названию, резюме и выводам, далее по доступу к полному тексту. Результаты. Медикаментозный оральный мукозит является серьезным осложнением противоопухолевой терапии, который характеризуется воспалением и изъязвлением слизистой оболочки полости рта на фоне химиотерапевтического лечения. Данные, представленные в анализируемой литературе свидетельствуют о разнообразии факторов риска возникновения медикаментозного орального мукозита. Условно выделены 3 группы факторов риска медикаментозного орального мукозита (статус больного, характеристика опухоли, тактика лечения). Возможность различных комбинаций факторов риска как в пределах одной группы, так и между группами вызывает наибольший интерес для изучения в прогностических целях. Заключение. Более детальное изучение факторов риска позволит спрогнозировать течение, а также разработать профилактику и тактику лечения медикаментозного орального мукозита.

Subject: Drug-induced oral mucositis is one of the most severe complications manifesting as lesions of the oral mucosa in patients undergoing chemotherapy. The prevalence of drug-induced oral mucositis when using chemotherapeutic agents ranges from 20% (with monotherapy) to 100% (with the simultaneous use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy). The analysis and systematization of factors contributing to the onset of drug-induced oral mucositis during chemotherapy are necessary to clarify their prognostic role. Objective: To identify and analyze the risk factors for the development of drug-induced oral mucositis during cytostatic therapy of oncological diseases, as described in scientific publications. Methodology: A content analysis of scientific literature was conducted in databases: PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar, and others, using predefined keywords. Publications were initially selected by title, date, and abstract. Further selection was based on availability of title, summary, and conclusions, followed by access to full texts. Results: Drug-induced oral mucositis is a serious complication of antitumor therapy, characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa against the background of chemotherapy. The data presented in the analyzed literature demonstrate a variety of risk factors for the occurrence of drug-induced oral mucositis. Three groups of risk factors were distinguished (patient status, tumor characteristics, treatment strategy). The possibility of various combinations of risk factors both within a single group and across groups is of particular interest for prognostic research. Conclusion: A more detailed study of risk factors will make it possible to predict the course, as well as to develop preventive measures and treatment strategies for drug-induced oral mucositis.

 медикаментозный оральный мукозит факторы риска химиотерапия цитостатическая терапия осложнения противоопухолевой терапии drug-induced oral mucositis risk factors chemotherapy cytostatic therapy complications of antitumor therapy

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