Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 104609 10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-3-79-86 ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ THERAPEUTIC DENTISTRY ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ ASSESSMENT OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE APPEARANCE OF PATHOLOGY OF THE DENTOFACIAL SYSTEM ON CLINICAL AND ANAMNESTIC INDICATORS OF PATIENTS ОЦЕНКА ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ПОЯВЛЕНИЯ ПАТОЛОГИИ ЗУБОЧЕЛЮСТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОТ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ И АНАМНЕСТИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ПАЦИЕНТОВ Соснин Евгений Игоревич Sosnin Evgeny I. sos.ev55@mail.ru Васильев Юрий Леонидович Vasiliev Yuri L. vasilev_yu_l@staff.sechenov.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Дыдыкин Сергей Сергеевич Dydykin Sergey S. dydykin_ss@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Лисунова Анна Геннадьевна Lisunova Anna G. annafoxy80@gmail.com Караммаева Марьян Рамазановна Karammaeva Maryan R. mmmrabadan@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Хейгетян Артур Вараздатович Heigetyan Artur Varazdatovich artur5953@yandex.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Москва Россия I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russian Federation Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Москва Россия I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University Moscow Russian Federation Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Москва Россия Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова Москва Russian Federation Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского Нижний Новгород Россия Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского Нижний Новгород Russian Federation Ростовский государственный медицинский университет Ростов-на-Дону Россия Rostov State Medical University Rostov-on-Don Russian Federation Ростовский государственный медицинский университет Rostov State Medical University 29 10 2025 29 10 2025 21 3 79 86 26 09 2025 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/104609/view

Предмет исследования – взаимосвязь возраста, пола, особенностей питания в детстве и аномалий положения челюстей. Цель – оценить зависимость возникновения аномалий зубочелюстной системы от клинических и анамнестических показателей пациентов. Методология. Проведен анализ данных медицинских карт пациентов стоматологической клиники «ПрезиДент», г. Москва, период 2020–2025 гг. Критерии включения: диагностические данные, оценка зубочелюстной системы, анамнез; возраст старше 18 лет; согласие на участие в исследованиях. Критерии исключения: тяжелые общесоматических заболевания, влияющие на развитие зубочелюстной системы; неполнота данных; проведенные ранее ортогнатические операции; первичная, вторичная адентия. Выборка составила 295 пациентов (166 женщин, 129 мужчин). Клинические и анамнестические показатели кодировались как категориальные переменные, возраст пациента – количественная переменная. Исследование соответствовало Хельсинкской декларации, одобрено локальным этическим комитетом Первого МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова МЗ РФ (Протокол № [02–24] от 29.01.2024]). Результаты обработаны статистически программными пакетами IBM SPSS (версия 26. IBM. Нью-Йорк. США) и Microsoft Excel (версия 2016. Microsoft. Редмонд. Вашингтон. США). Различия считались статистически значимыми при p < 0,05. Результаты. Исследование выявило влияние временной периодизации аномалий положения челюстей: пациенты с аномалиями положения челюстей статистически незначимо старше (Ме = 28,00 лет) по сравнению с пациентами без данной аномалии (Ме = 25,00 лет, p = 0,055). Частота аномалий формы зубных дуг (p = 0,023) среди мужчин встречалась чаще (15,5%), чем среди женщин (7,2%). Статистически значимых различий в характере питания и сроках прорезывания зубов между мужчинами и женщинами не выявлено. Выводы. Исследование определило ряд важных, но не всегда статистически значимых, тенденций в развитии аномалий положения челюстей и выявило потенциальные факторы, которые могут влиять на их формирование. Полученные результаты подчеркивают сложность изучения возникновения механизмов исследуемых патологий, требующих комплексного лечения и профилактики.

Subject. The Relationship Between Age, Sex, Childhood Dietary Patterns, and Jaw Position Anomalies Objectives. To evaluate the association between the occurrence of dentoalveolar anomalies and clinical and anamnestic patient parameters. Methodology. A retrospective analysis of medical records from the "PreziDent" Dental Clinic (Moscow) for the period 2020–2025 was performed. Inclusion criteria: availability of diagnostic data, comprehensive evaluation of the dentoalveolar system, and medical history; age > 18 years; signed informed consent. Exclusion criteria: severe somatic conditions affecting dentofacial development; incomplete data; history of orthognathic surgery; primary or secondary adentia. The final sample comprised 295 patients (166 women, 129 men). Clinical and anamnestic parameters were coded as categorical variables; patient age was treated as a quantitative variable. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Protocol No. [02–24], January 29, 2024). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (v. 26, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and Microsoft Excel (2016, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA). A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The study identified a temporal pattern in the presentation of jaw position anomalies: patients with such anomalies were marginally older (median age 28.0 years) compared to those without anomalies (median age 25.0 years, p = 0.055). Dental arch form anomalies were significantly more prevalent (p = 0.023) among males (15.5%) than females (7.2%). No statistically significant differences in early-life dietary patterns or timing of tooth eruption were observed between sexes. Conclusion. This study identified several clinically relevant, though not always statistically significant, trends in the development of jaw position anomalies and revealed potential formative factors. These findings highlight the multifactorial etiology of these pathologies, which necessitate a comprehensive approach to treatment and prevention.

 аномалии зубочелюстной системы сроки прорезывания зубов характер питания аномалии зубных дуг аномалии прикуса поперечное исследование dentofacial anomalies tooth eruption timing dietary patterns dental arch anomalies malocclusion cross-sectional study

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