Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 101047 10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-2-11-19 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PROSTHODONTICS (LITERATURE REVIEW) ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ В ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР) Иванов Александр Евгеньевич Ivanov Alexandr E. aleksandr-9001@bk.ru Брагин Александр Витальевич Bragin Aleksandr Vitalievich dekanat_stomat@tyumensmu.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Вергун Юрий Евгеньевич Vergun Yuri E. oblstoma2007@yandex.ru Куратова Луиза Минизакиевна Kuratova Luiza M. luizonchik@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Куратов Илья Александрович Kuratov Ilia A. alliance-med@mail.ru Тюменского государственного медицинского университета Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Tyumen State Medical University Областная стоматологическая поликлиника Тюмень Россия Regional Dental Clinic Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation 28 07 2025 28 07 2025 21 2 11 19 06 07 2025 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/101047/view

Актуальность. В рамках данного исследования был проведен обзор современных научных данных, посвящённых актуальной проблеме стоматологии — улучшению качества ортопедического лечения за счёт внедрения технологий искусственного интеллекта. Предмет. В ортопедической стоматологии искусственный интеллект (ИИ) представляет собой передовую технологию, способную точно анализировать клинические данные, применять «обученные алгоритмы» для решения различных задач (определение границы препарирования, планирование протезирования, проектирование конструкций и др.) и адаптировать эти решения в зависимости от конкретных клинических условий и требований к реабилитации. Цель работы заключается в изучении научной литературы, опубликованной с 2017 по 2025 годы, для оценки потенциала ИИ в повышении эффективности и точности зубного и челюстно-лицевого протезирования. Материалы и методы. Методологическая база исследования включала анализ 54 публикаций, охватывающих инновационные подходы к диагностике, планированию лечения и созданию прецизионных ортопедических конструкций с использованием алгоритмов нейросетевых моделей и машинного обучения. Результаты. Хотя обработка изображений с помощью искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) является устоявшейся практикой в медицине, стоматологическая отрасль, опираясь на CAD/CAM-технологии, претерпевает собственную цифровую эволюцию. Значимым вектором последних лет становится интеграция ИИ. В сфере ортопедической стоматологии ИИ способствует автоматизации рутинных операций, создавая предпосылки для прорыва в точности диагностики, планирования лечения и изготовления несъемных и съемных конструкций, что в конечном итоге повышает качество протезирования. Выводы. 1. Выявлены значительные достоинства ИИ в протезировании: автоматизированное составление плана лечения, оптимизация ключевых этапов реабилитации: эффективная обработка данных (конусно-лучевые компьютерные томограммы, 3D-сканы), выбор конструкции и цвета, определение позиции имплантатов, что сокращает время лечения без потери точности. 2. Требуется улучшение алгоритмов, повышение их прецизионности и разработка новых методов обработки данных.

Background data. This study reviews contemporary scientific literature addressing a critical issue in dentistry: enhancing the quality of prosthetic treatment through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Subject. In prosthodontics, artificial intelligence represents a cutting-edge technology capable of accurately analyzing clinical data, utilizing trained algorithms for diverse tasks (e.g., identifying preparation margins, planning prosthetic treatments, designing restorations), and adapting solutions to specific clinical conditions and rehabilitation requirements. Objective. To evaluate the potential of AI in improving the efficiency and accuracy of dental and maxillofacial prosthetics through analysis of scientific literature published between 2017 and 2025. Materials and Methods. The methodology included analysis of 54 publications covering innovative approaches to diagnosis, treatment planning, and fabrication of high-precision prosthetic restorations using neural network models and machine learning algorithms. Results. While AI-based image processing is well-established in medicine, dentistry is undergoing its own digital evolution driven by CAD/CAM technologies. A significant recent trend is the integration of AI. In prosthodontics, AI enables automation of routine procedures, paving the way for breakthroughs in diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and fabrication of both fixed and removable prostheses, ultimately elevating the quality of prosthetic rehabilitation. Conclusions. Significant advantages of AI in prosthodontics were identified: automated treatment planning, optimization of key rehabilitation stages (efficient processing of CBCT images/3D scans, selection of restoration design/color, implant positioning), reducing treatment time without compromising accuracy. Algorithm refinement, enhanced precision, and development of novel data processing methods are required.

 искусственный интеллект машинное обучение нейросети протезирование ортопедическая стоматология имплантация artificial intelligence machine learning neural networks prosthodontics dental prosthetics dental implantation

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