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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6aaea474f4b8445fce32ab32</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-2026-22-3-15-19</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ. ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>TERAPEUTIC DENTISTRY. REVIEWS</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ. ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF BURNING MOUTH SYNDROME</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ЭТИОПАТОГЕНЕЗ СИНДРОМА ЖЖЕНИЯ В ПОЛОСТИ РТА</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бугаков</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bugakov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Bugakov1999@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Маклакова</surname>
       <given-names>Ирина Юрьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Maklakova</surname>
       <given-names>Irina Yu.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>makliu@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Коваленко</surname>
       <given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kovalenko</surname>
       <given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>Nkovalenko2000@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Козьменко</surname>
       <given-names>Анастасия Николаевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kozmenko</surname>
       <given-names>Anastasia Nikolaevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>power2030@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-8343</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Светлакова</surname>
       <given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Svetlakova</surname>
       <given-names>Elena Nikolaevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>svet_anel11@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Курбанова</surname>
       <given-names>Джамиля Гамидовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kurbanova</surname>
       <given-names>Dzhamilya G.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kdzh17@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="ru">Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Ekaterinburg</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="ru">Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Moscow</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="ru">Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Ekaterinburg</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Ekaterinburg</city>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбург</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="ru">Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">Ekaterinburg</city>
     <country country="RU" xml:lang="en">Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-23T23:06:12+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-23T23:06:12+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>22</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>15</fpage>
   <lpage>19</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-19T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>19</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <permissions>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Бугаков А.С., Маклакова И.Ю., Коваленко А.С., Козьменко А.Н., Светлакова Е.Н., Курбанова Д.Г. Все права защищены.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Bugakov A.S., Maklakova I.Y., Kovalenko A.S., Kozmenko A.N., Svetlakova E.N., Kurbanova D.G. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бугаков Александр Сергеевич, Маклакова Ирина Юрьевна, Коваленко Анастасия Сергеевна, Козьменко Анастасия Николаевна, Светлакова Елена Николаевна, Курбанова Джамиля Гамидовна</copyright-holder>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bugakov Aleksandr S., Maklakova Irina Yu., Kovalenko Anastasia S., Kozmenko Anastasia Nikolaevna, Svetlakova Elena Nikolaevna, Kurbanova Dzhamilya G.</copyright-holder>
   </permissions>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/publications/6aaea474f4b8445fce32ab32/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/publications/6aaea474f4b8445fce32ab32/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>В клинической практике врач-стоматолог сталкивается с парадоксальной ситуацией: пациент предъявляет жалобы на жжение и боль в полости рта, существенно снижающие качество жизни, при этом объективный осмотр не выявляет каких-либо патологий на слизистой оболочке. Синдром жжения полости рта (СЖПР) остается диагнозом исключения, требующим длительного дифференциально-диагностического поиска.&#13;
Предмет исследования – сложность курации больных с СЖПР усугубляется мультифакториальной природой заболевания. В патогенез вовлечены механизмы периферической денервации тонких волокон, гиперэкспрессия ноцицепторов, гормональный дисбаланс и нарушения микробиоценоза. Для формирования алгоритмов ведения пациентов и выбора патогенетически обоснованной терапии необходима систематизация сведений об этиопатогенезе СЖПР, что и определяет актуальность настоящего обзора.	&#13;
Цель – провести аналитический обзор литературы, посвященной мультифакторным механизмам развития синдрома жжения полости рта, для определения наиболее значимых этиопатогенетических звеньев и обоснования персонализированных подходов к ведению пациентов.&#13;
Методология. Проведен систематический поиск литературы, в который были включены исследования, датированные с 1992 по 2025 годы.  Поиск осуществлялся в электронных базах PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka. Интеграция результатов поиска осуществлялась в программном обеспечении библиографической ссылки EndNoteWeb для удаления дубликатов статей. Во время поиска были использованы следующие слова: «синдром жжения полости рта», «оральная дизестезия», «нейропатическая боль», «микробиом». При отборе публикаций были исключены статьи по следующим причинам: изучение названий и тезисов, не относящихся к теме исследования; полный текст не соответствовал потенциально соответствующим статьям.&#13;
Результаты. Установлено, что ведущим механизмом патогенеза СЖПР является нейропатическая дисфункция, включающая периферическую денервацию тонких волокон и центральную сенситизацию на фоне гиперэкспрессии ноцицепторов. Течение синдрома модулируется дефицитом эстрогенов, дисбиозом полости рта, депрессивными расстройствами, снижающими порог болевой чувствительности.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>In clinical practice, a dentist is faced with a paradoxical situation: the patient complains of burning and pain in the oral cavity, which significantly reduce the quality of life, while an objective examination does not reveal any pathologies on the mucous membrane. Burning mouth syndrome remains (BMS) an exceptional diagnosis requiring a long-term differential diagnostic search.&#13;
Subject. This study examines the complexity of managing patients with BMS, which is compounded by the multifactorial nature of the disease. The pathogenesis involves mechanisms of peripheral small fiber denervation, overexpression of nociceptors, hormonal imbalance, and microbiome disturbances. To develop patient management algorithms and select pathogenetically based therapy, it is necessary to systematize information on the etiopathogenesis of BMS, which determines the relevance of this review. &#13;
Aim. The objective of this study was to conduct an analytical review of the literature on the multifactorial mechanisms underlying the development of BMS to identify the most significant etiopathogenetic factors and support personalized approaches to patient care. &#13;
Methodology.  A systematic literature search was conducted, including studies dated from 1992 to 2025. The search was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary, and CyberLeninka. Search results were integrated using EndNoteWeb bibliographic referencing software to remove duplicate articles. The following search terms were used: &quot;burning mouth syndrome,&quot; &quot;oral dysesthesia,&quot; &quot;neuropathic pain,&quot; and &quot;microbiome.&quot; Articles were excluded for the following reasons: titles and abstracts irrelevant to the topic of the study; and full texts did not match potentially relevant articles.&#13;
Results. It has been established that the leading mechanism in the pathogenesis of BMS is neuropathic dysfunction, including peripheral denervation of small fibers and central sensitization due to overexpression of nociceptors. The course of the syndrome is modulated by estrogen deficiency, oral dysbiosis, and depressive disorders, which lower the pain threshold.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>синдром жжения в полости рта</kwd>
    <kwd>нейропатическая боль</kwd>
    <kwd>центральная сенситизация</kwd>
    <kwd>дисбиоз микробиома</kwd>
    <kwd>постменопауза</kwd>
    <kwd>депрессия</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>burning mouth syndrome</kwd>
    <kwd>neuropathic pain</kwd>
    <kwd>central sensitization</kwd>
    <kwd>microbiome dysbiosis</kwd>
    <kwd>postmenopause</kwd>
    <kwd>depression</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
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