Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 55203 10.18481/2077-7566-2022-18-3-71-76 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ RISK FACTORS FOR ORAL MUCOSAL DISEASES (LITERATURE REVIEW) ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ РТА (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР) Яценко Анна Константиновна Yatsenko Anna K. annakonstt@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Первов Юрий Юрьевич Pervov Yury Yu. pervov73@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Транковская Лидия Викторовна Trankovskaya Lidiya Viktorovna trankovskaya@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Грицина Ольга Павловна Gritsina Olga Pavlovna g2010o@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Мосиенко Елизавета Евгеньевна Mosienko Elizaveta E. mosienko.2000@mail.ru Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Владивосток Россия Pacific State Medical University Vladivostok Russian Federation Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Владивосток Россия Pacific State Medical University Vladivostok Russian Federation Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Владивосток Россия Pacific State Medical University Vladivostok Russian Federation Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Владивосток Россия Pacific State Medical University Vladivostok Russian Federation Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет Владивосток Россия Pacific State Medical University Vladivostok Russian Federation 23 11 2022 23 11 2022 18 3 71 76 22 11 2022 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/55203/view

Предмет исследования. Проведен обзор литературы, посвященный наиболее сложному и малоизученному разделу терапевтической стоматологии — заболеваниям слизистой оболочки рта. Цель — литературный поиск и анализ актуальных данных, посвященных изучению факторов риска, которые влияют на развитие и отягощение патологических состояний на слизистой оболочке рта. Методология. Изучены научные публикации, подобранные с использованием библиотечных баз данных: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. Анализ информации проводился по 48 источникам. Результаты. Описана роль факторов риска в развитии патологических процессов на слизистой оболочке рта. Указано влияние социально-поведенческих детерминант, таких как курение и употребление алкоголя, на возникновение патологических, в частности предраковых состояний в полости рта. Особое внимание уделено травматическому компоненту в развитии поражений на слизистой рта; здесь на первый план выходят травмы зубными протезами. Отражена значимость коморбидной патологии при возникновении оральных заболеваний. Отмечено, что неврогенные состояния занимают одну из лидирующих позиций среди факторов, способствующих развитию дерматозов на слизистой оболочке рта. Освещены изменения на слизистой оболочке рта у пациентов с витаминно-минеральным дисбалансом в организме. Продемонстрирована зависимость между появлением поражений на слизистой рта и экологическими характеристиками территории проживания. Выводы. Подчеркивается важность исследования заболеваний слизистой оболочки рта в условиях конкретного региона в связи с влиянием определенных факторов риска с целью разработки и совершенствования профилактических программ сохранения стоматологического здоровья.

Subject. A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry – diseases of the oral mucosa. The object – literature search and analysis of current data on the study of risk factors affecting the development and aggravation of pathological conditions on the oral mucosa. Methodology. Scientific publications using library databases have been studied: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. The analysis of the information was carried out on 48 sources. Results. The role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described. The influence of socio-behavioral determinants, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, on the occurrence of pathological, in particular, precancerous conditions in the oral cavity is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the traumatic component, among which injuries with dentures come to the fore, in the development of lesions on the oral mucosa. The significance of comorbid pathology in the occurrence of oral diseases is reflected. It was noted that among the leading positions in the development of dermatoses on the mucous membrane of the mouth are occupied by neurogenic conditions. Changes on the mucous membrane of the mouth in patients with vitamin-mineral imbalances in the body are illuminated. The relationship between the appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa and the environmental characteristics of the area of residence has been demonstrated. Conclusions. The importance of investigating oral mucosal diseases in a particular region is emphasized in relation to the influence of certain risk factors in order to develop and improve preventive programs for the preservation of dental health.

 обзор полость рта слизистая оболочка рта оральная патология факторы риска профилактика review oral cavity oral mucosa oral pathology risk factors prevention

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