Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 55051 10.18481/2077-7566-2022-18-3-57-64 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ THE FEATURES OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS, COMPLICATED BY FURCATION DEFECTS. CAUSES OF DEFECTS. LITERATURE REVIEW ОСОБЕННОСТИ ХРОНИЧЕСКИХ ПЕРИОДОНТИТОВ, ОСЛОЖНЕННЫХ ФУРКАЦИОННЫМИ ДЕФЕКТАМИ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ Хабадзе Зураб Суликоевич Khabadze Zurab Sulikoevich dr.zura@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Гасбанов Магомед-Али Аликович Gasbanov Magomed-Ali A. Magomed.gazmanov@mail.ru Болячин Алексей Вячеславович Bolyachin Aleksey V. abc135@mail.ru Тебердиев Тахир Расулович Taberdiev Tahir R. Taha_teberdiev@mail.ru Морданов Олег Сергеевич Mordanov Oleg Sergeevich mordanov-os@rudn.ru Российский университет дружбы народов Москва Россия Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Moscow Russian Federation Центр дентальной травматологии «Айсберг» Москва Россия Center for Dental Traumatology "Iceberg" Moscow Russian Federation Центр дентальной травматологии «Айсберг» Москва Россия Center for Dental Traumatology "Iceberg" Moscow Russian Federation Центр дентальной травматологии «Айсберг» Москва Россия Center for Dental Traumatology "Iceberg" Moscow Russian Federation Российский университет дружбы народов Москва Россия Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Moscow Russian Federation 23 11 2022 23 11 2022 18 3 57 64 12 11 2022 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/55051/view

Заболевания тканей периодонта остаются одной из актуальных проблем в современной стоматологии в связи с их высокой распространенностью и количеством осложнений после лечения. Продолжительное бессимптомное течение хронических форм периодонтита вызывает нарастание деструкционных процессов не только в тканях периодонта и альвеолярной кости, но и способствует деминерализации дентина корня и резорбции цемента корня, что зачастую усугубляется и фуркационными дефектами. Вовлечение в патологический процесс области фуркации корней существенно осложняет течение заболевания, диагностику, лечение и прогноз. Сложность диагностики, вариативность методов лечения в зависимости от общей клинической картины и высокий процент потери зубов при вовлечении в патологический процесс области фуркации обуславливают актуальность темы исследования. Цель: изучение особенностей хронических периодонтитов, осложненных фуркационными дефектами, и выявление основных причин указанных дефектов. Материалы и методы: по ключевым словам проведен анализ отечественных и зарубежных публикаций, размещенных в базах данных eLibrary и PubMed. Результаты. Проводится анализ литературных данных об особенностях хронических периодонтитов, осложненных фуркационными дефектами, рассматриваются вопросы этиологии данной патологии. Заключение. Показано, что лечение хронического апикального периодонтита зубов, осложненного фуркационными дефектами, является одной из важных проблем стоматологии, что определяется значительной распространенностью заболевания и частотой возникновения осложнений после проведенного лечения. Наиболее распространенным этиологическим фактором поражения фуркации является микробная инвазия, вызывающая воспалительный процесс, прогрессирование которого приводит к резорбции костной ткани в области фуркационного свода зубов. Также вовлечению фуркации способствуют и этиологические факторы пародонтопатогенного генеза, эндодонтические повреждения, фрактуры, ятрогенные факторы,а также анатомические особенности.

Periodontal tissue diseases remain one of the urgent problems in modern dentistry due to their high prevalence and the number of complications after treatment. The prolonged asymptomatic course of chronic forms of periodontitis causes an increase in destructive processes not only in periodontal tissues and alveolar bone, but also contributes to the resorption of cementum and root dentin, which causes the formation of bone pockets, called furcation defects. Involvement in the pathological process of the zone of divergence of the roots significantly complicates the course of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. The complexity of diagnosis, the variability of treatment methods depending on the overall clinical picture and the high percentage of tooth loss when the furcation area is involved in the pathological process determine the relevance of the research topic. Purpose: to study the features of chronic periodontitis complicated by furcation defects and to identify the main causes of these defects. Materials and Methods: the analysis of domestic and foreign publications placed in the eLibrary and PubMed databases was carried out by keywords. Results. The analysis of literature data on the features of chronic periodontitis complicated by furcation defects is carried out, the issues of the etiology of this pathology are considered. Conclusion. It is shown that the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis complicated by furcation defects is one of the important problems of dentistry, which is determined by the significant prevalence of the disease and the incidence of complications after treatment. The most common etiological factor in furcation lesions is microbial invasion, which causes an inflammatory process, the progression of which leads to bone resorption in the area of the furcation arch of the teeth. Also, the etiological factors of periodontal pathogenic genesis, endodontic lesions, fractures, iatrogenic factors, as well as anatomical features contribute to the involvement of furcation.

 дефекты фуркации перфорация фуркации фуркационный периодонтит апикальный периодонтит канал фуркации корней furcation defects furcation perforation furcation periodontitis apical periodontitis root canal

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