Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 50169 10.18481/2077-7566-22-18-1-29-36 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ PREDICTIVE FACTORS AND MECHANISMS OF THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRECANCEROUS AND ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES OF THE ORAL MUCOSA ПРЕДИКТИВНЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ В РАЗВИТИИ ПРЕДРАКОВЫХ И ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ ПОЛОСТИ РТА Зайцева Мария Владимировна Zaitseva Maria V. I.am.zaitseva@yandex.ru Нагаева Марина Олеговна Nagaeva Marina Olegovna

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Чекина Анна Витальевна Chekina Anna V. annacheckina@yandex.ru Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Tyumen State Medical University Tyumen Russian Federation Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Россия Тюменский государственный медицинский университет Тюмень Russian Federation Омский государственный медицинский университет Омск Россия Омский государственный медицинский университет Омск Russian Federation 17 05 2022 17 05 2022 18 1 29 36 05 05 2022 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/50169/view

Актуальность проблемы онкологических и предраковых заболеваний слизистой оболочки полости рта обусловлена высоким уровнем распространенности этих заболеваний, а также тем, что злокачественные новообразования (ЗНО) данной локализации являются одними из самых агрессивных и трудно поддающихся лечению новообразований человека, характеризуются высоким процентом летальности. Эти факты определяют повышенную значимость первичной профилактики предраковых и раковых заболеваний, целью которой является выявление и устранение предиктивных факторов развития данных патологий. Цель исследования — провести системный анализ современных отечественных и зарубежных литературных источников в аспекте предиктивных факторов возникновения предраковых и раковых заболеваний красной каймы губ (ККГ) и слизистой оболочки рта (СОР) и их основных механизмов. Методология исследования осуществлялась на основе поиска и анализа отечественных и зарубежных оригинальных научных источников по теме в информационных базах eLibrary, Pubmed, Crossref. Результаты. Развитие предраковых и онкологических состояний — сложный мультифакториальный процесс, развивающийся под влиянием ряда предиктивных факторов, осуществляющих как обособленное, так и синергетическое воздействие на организм человека на местном или общем уровне. Выводы. Проанализированная нами научная литература указывает на значимый вклад широкого спектра модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов в развитии предраковых и онкологических процессов. Выявление и коррекция возможных факторов риска возникновения предраковых, фоновых и онкологических заболеваний слизистой рта может способствовать предотвращению развития данных заболеваний.

The problem of oncological and precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa is urgent, because the prevalence of these diseases is high, as well as malignant neoplasms of this localization are among the most aggressive and difficult to treat human neoplasms, characterized by a high percentage of mortality. These facts determine the increased importance of primary prevention of precancerous and cancerous diseases, the purpose of which is to identify and eliminate predictive factors of the development of these pathologies. Objective of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of modern Russian and foreign literary sources in the aspect of predictive factors of the occurrence of precancerous and cancerous diseases of the red border of the lips and oral mucosa and their main mechanisms. Methodology. The research is based on the search and analysis of modern Russian and foreign original sources on the topic in the databases eLibrary, Pubmed, Crossref. Results. The development of precancerous and oncological diseases is a complex multifactorial process that proceeds under the influence of a number of prognostic factors that have both isolated and synergistic effects on the human body at the local or general level. Conclusion. We have analyzed the scientific literature, which indicates a significant contribution of a wide range of modifiable and unmodifiable factors in the development of precancerous and oncological processes. Identification and correction of probable risk factors for the occurrence of precancerous and oncological diseases of the oral mucosa can help prevent the development of these diseases.

 предраковые заболевания слизистой оболочки полости рта злокачественные новообразования слизистой оболочки полости рта предикторы развития онкологических и предраковых заболеваний слизистой оболочки полости рта генетические факторы риска развития онкологических заболеваний микробиом полости рта человека precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa oncological diseases of the oral mucosa predictors of the development of oncological and precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa genetic risk factors for cancer human oral microbiome

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