<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">41975</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-20-17-1-129-135</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>ORTHOPEDIC  DENTISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">POSSIBILITIES OF USING COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AT THE STAGES OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH COMPLETE ABSENCE OF TEETH</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Возможности применения композиционных материалов и цифровых технологий на этапах ортопедического лечения пациентов с полным отсутствием зубов</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Асташина</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Борисовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Astashina</surname>
       <given-names>Nataliya B.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>astashina.nb@gmail.com</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бажин</surname>
       <given-names>Алексей Александрович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bazhin</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksy Aleksandrovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>aleksei.bazhin2012@yandex.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Старкова</surname>
       <given-names>Анна Валерьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Starkova</surname>
       <given-names>Anna Valer'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Урсакий</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Николаевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ursakiy</surname>
       <given-names>Ol'ga N.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>olgaursakiy@gmail.com</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. ак. Е.А. Вагнера Минздрава России</institution>
     <city>Пермь</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">.A. Wagner Perm State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Perm</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пермская государственная медицинская академия имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Vagner State Medical Academy</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ПГМУ им.ак.Е.А.Вагнера</institution>
     <city>Пермь</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ПГМУ им.ак.Е.А.Вагнера</institution>
     <city>Пермь</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е. А. Вагнера</institution>
     <city>Пермь</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Perm State Medical University named after. Academician E. A. Wagner</institution>
     <city>Perm</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>17</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>129</fpage>
   <lpage>135</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/41975/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/41975/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Актуальность исследования продиктована необходимостью повышения эффективности ортопедического лечения пациентов с полным отсутствием зубов за счет внедрения новых композиционных материалов, применение которых обеспечивает высокую прочность протетических конструкций, а также за счет разработки методов изготовления полных съемных пластиночных протезов с применением современных цифровых технологий, что в целом способствует увеличению срока службы зубных протезов, особенно при наличии сложных клинических условий. &#13;
Цель работы: повышение эффективности ортопедического стоматологического лечения пациентов с полным отсутствием зубов на основе разработки и внедрения новой конструкции полного съемного пластиночного протеза с базисом из акриловой пластмассы и введенным каркасом из композиционного материала на основе стекловолокна. &#13;
Материалы и методы. С учетом анализа данных отечественной и зарубежной литературы была разработана конструкция и предложена технология изготовления полного съемного пластиночного протеза с комбинированным базисом, каркас которого выполнен из композиционного материала Trinia. В ходе работы изучены морфология и микроструктура новой комбинации полимеров, а также, в сравнительном аспекте, оценены их физико-механические свойства. &#13;
Результаты. В ходе исследования микроструктуры нами установлено, что композиционный материал на основе стекловолокна имеет химическую связь с акриловой пластмассой и высокую однородность структуры. Физико-механические испытания показали, что при армировании базисной пластмассы материалом Trinia отмечается повышение прочности исследуемых образцов, превосходящее имеющиеся аналоги. Разработаны и апробированы клинико-лабораторные этапы изготовления новой конструкции, сочетающие в себе аналоговые и цифровые методы. &#13;
Выводы: введение композиционного материала в конструкцию комбинированного полного съемного пластиночного протеза позволит улучшить прочностные свойства его базиса, увеличить эксплуатационные характеристики и снизить вес. Использование цифровых технологий обеспечит возможность применения высокопрочных композитных материалов.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The relevance of the study is dictated by the need to increase the efficiency of prosthetic treatment of patients with full absence of teeth, through the introduction of new composite materials, the use of which provides high strength of prosthetic structures, as well as the development of methods for the manufacture of full removable plate denture using modern digital technologies, which in general contributes to increase the service life of dentures, especially in the presence of difficult clinical conditions.&#13;
Purpose of the work: increasing the efficiency of prosthetic dental treatment of patients with full absence of teeth on the basis of the development and implementation of a new design of a full removable plate denture with a base made of acrylic resin and an introduced frame made of composite material based on fiberglass.&#13;
Materials and methods: taking into account the analysis of data from domestic and foreign literature, a design was developed and a technology for manufacturing a full removable plate denture with a combined basis was proposed, the frame of which was made of composite material Trinia. In the course of the work, the morphology and microstructure of a new combination of polymers were studied, and also, in a comparative aspect, their physical and mechanical properties were evaluated.&#13;
Results: during the study of the microstructure, we found that the composite material based on glass fiber has a chemical bond with acrylic resin and a high homogeneity of the structure. Physicomechanical tests showed that when the base resin is reinforced with Trinia material, an increase in the strength of the samples under study is noted, which exceeds the existing analogues. Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing a new design, combining analog and digital methods, have been developed and tested.&#13;
Conclusions: the introduction of a composite material into the design of a combined full removable plate denture will improve the strength properties of its base, increase performance and reduce weight. The use of digital technology will enable the use of high-strength composite materials.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>композиционные материалы армированные стекловолокном</kwd>
    <kwd>акриловая пластмасса</kwd>
    <kwd>полный съемный пластиночный протез</kwd>
    <kwd>CAD/CAM-технологии</kwd>
    <kwd>цифровая стоматология</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>fiberglass-reinforced composite materials</kwd>
    <kwd>acrylic resin</kwd>
    <kwd>full removable plate denture</kwd>
    <kwd>CAD/CAM technologies</kwd>
    <kwd>digital dentistry</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов С.Д. Клиническое применение усовершенствованной методики реставрации съемных пластиночных зубных протезов после поломки. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2016;1:26-26. [S.D. Arutyunov. Clinical application of the improved technique of restoration of removable plate dentures after breakage. Modern problems of science and education. 2016;1:26-26. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arutyunov S.D. Klinicheskoe primenenie usovershenstvovannoy metodiki restavracii s'emnyh plastinochnyh zubnyh protezov posle polomki. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2016;1:26-26. [S.D. Arutyunov. Clinical application of the improved technique of restoration of removable plate dentures after breakage. Modern problems of science and education. 2016;1:26-26. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арутюнов С.Д., Лебеденко И.Ю. Повышение эффективности реставрации съемных пластиночных зубных протезов после поломки. Российский стоматологический журнал. 2014;5:4-6. [S.D. Arutyunov, I.Yu. Lebedenko. Improving the efficiency of restoration of removable plate dentures after breakage. Russian Dental Journal. 2014;5:4-6. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arutyunov S.D., Lebedenko I.Yu. Povyshenie effektivnosti restavracii s'emnyh plastinochnyh zubnyh protezov posle polomki. Rossiyskiy stomatologicheskiy zhurnal. 2014;5:4-6. [S.D. Arutyunov, I.Yu. Lebedenko. Improving the efficiency of restoration of removable plate dentures after breakage. Russian Dental Journal. 2014;5:4-6. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асташина Н.Б. Оценка основных характеристик углеродного волокна и перспективы его применения на этапах лечения пациентов с генерализованным пародонтитом. Российский стоматологический журнал. 2015;19;1. [N.B. Astashina. Evaluation of the main characteristics of carbon fiber and prospects for its use at the stages of treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis. Russian Dental Journal. 2015;19;1.  (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astashina N.B. Ocenka osnovnyh harakteristik uglerodnogo volokna i perspektivy ego primeneniya na etapah lecheniya pacientov s generalizovannym parodontitom. Rossiyskiy stomatologicheskiy zhurnal. 2015;19;1. [N.B. Astashina. Evaluation of the main characteristics of carbon fiber and prospects for its use at the stages of treatment of patients with generalized periodontitis. Russian Dental Journal. 2015;19;1.  (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асташина Н.Б. Экспериментальное исследование свойств базиса нового комбинированного полного съемного пластиночного протеза. Российский журнал биомеханики. 2020;24;3:330-343. [N.B. Astashina. Experimental investigation of the properties of the basis of a new combined complete removable plate prosthesis. Russian Journal of Biomechanics. 2020;24;3:330-343. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astashina N.B. Eksperimental'noe issledovanie svoystv bazisa novogo kombinirovannogo polnogo s'emnogo plastinochnogo proteza. Rossiyskiy zhurnal biomehaniki. 2020;24;3:330-343. [N.B. Astashina. Experimental investigation of the properties of the basis of a new combined complete removable plate prosthesis. Russian Journal of Biomechanics. 2020;24;3:330-343. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Асташина Н.Б., Митрущенков Ю.Н., Бажин А.А. Комбинированный полный съемный протез. Патент России № RU 194083 U1. 2019. [N.B. Astashina, Yu.N. Mitrushchenkov, A.A. Bazhin. Combined complete removable prosthesis. Russian Patent for invention No. RU 194083 U1. 2019. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astashina N.B., Mitruschenkov Yu.N., Bazhin A.A. Kombinirovannyy polnyy s'emnyy protez. Patent Rossii № RU 194083 U1. 2019. [N.B. Astashina, Yu.N. Mitrushchenkov, A.A. Bazhin. Combined complete removable prosthesis. Russian Patent for invention No. RU 194083 U1. 2019. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Василенко Р.Э. Сравнительные физико-механические и прочностные характеристики армированных и неармированных полных съемных пластиночных протезов верхней челюсти. Современная стоматология. 2015;3:94-97. [R.E. Vasilenko. Comparative physical-mechanical and strength characteristics of reinforced and non-reinforced complete removable plate prostheses of the upper jaw. Modern dentistry. 2015;3:94-97. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilenko R.E. Sravnitel'nye fiziko-mehanicheskie i prochnostnye harakteristiki armirovannyh i nearmirovannyh polnyh s'emnyh plastinochnyh protezov verhney chelyusti. Sovremennaya stomatologiya. 2015;3:94-97. [R.E. Vasilenko. Comparative physical-mechanical and strength characteristics of reinforced and non-reinforced complete removable plate prostheses of the upper jaw. Modern dentistry. 2015;3:94-97. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горелова В.А., Орехов С.Н., Матвеев С.В. CAD/CAM-технология в ортопедической стоматологии. Международный студенческий научный вестник. 2016;4-3:246-248. [V.A. Gorelova, S.N. Orekhov, S.V. Matveev. CAD / CAM-technology in orthopedic dentistry. International Student Scientific Bulletin. 2016;4-3:246-248. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorelova V.A., Orehov S.N., Matveev S.V. CAD/CAM-tehnologiya v ortopedicheskoy stomatologii. Mezhdunarodnyy studencheskiy nauchnyy vestnik. 2016;4-3:246-248. [V.A. Gorelova, S.N. Orekhov, S.V. Matveev. CAD / CAM-technology in orthopedic dentistry. International Student Scientific Bulletin. 2016;4-3:246-248. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жолудев С.Е. Применение металлизированных базисов съемных пластиночных протезов при явлениях непереносимости акрилатов: дис. … канд. мед. наук. 14.00.21. Москва, 1990:160. [S.E. Zholudev. Application of metallized bases of removable plate prostheses in the phenomena of acrylate intolerance: dis. ... candidate of Medical Sciences. 14.00.21. Moscow, 1990:160. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zholudev S.E. Primenenie metallizirovannyh bazisov s'emnyh plastinochnyh protezov pri yavleniyah neperenosimosti akrilatov: dis. … kand. med. nauk. 14.00.21. Moskva, 1990:160. [S.E. Zholudev. Application of metallized bases of removable plate prostheses in the phenomena of acrylate intolerance: dis. ... candidate of Medical Sciences. 14.00.21. Moscow, 1990:160. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каливраджиян Э.С., Брагин Е.А., Жолудев С.Е. Руководство по стоматологическому материаловедению. Москва : МИА. 2013:88. [E.S. Kalivrajiyan, E.A. Bragin, S.E. Zholudev. Guide to dental materials science. Moscow : MIA. 2013:88. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalivradzhiyan E.S., Bragin E.A., Zholudev S.E. Rukovodstvo po stomatologicheskomu materialovedeniyu. Moskva : MIA. 2013:88. [E.S. Kalivrajiyan, E.A. Bragin, S.E. Zholudev. Guide to dental materials science. Moscow : MIA. 2013:88. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карасева В.В. Профилактика частых переломов пластиночных протезов путем использования армирующей кварцевой сетки. Проблемы стоматологии. 2014;5. [V.V. Karaseva. Prevention of frequent fractures of plate prostheses by using reinforcing quartz mesh. Actual problems in dentistry. 2014;5. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karaseva V.V. Profilaktika chastyh perelomov plastinochnyh protezov putem ispol'zovaniya armiruyuschey kvarcevoy setki. Problemy stomatologii. 2014;5. [V.V. Karaseva. Prevention of frequent fractures of plate prostheses by using reinforcing quartz mesh. Actual problems in dentistry. 2014;5. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов С.В. Комплексная стоматологическая реабилитация пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста. Москва. 2015. [S.V. Kuznetsov. Complex dental rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients. Moscow. 2015. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznecov S.V. Kompleksnaya stomatologicheskaya reabilitaciya pacientov pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta. Moskva. 2015. [S.V. Kuznetsov. Complex dental rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients. Moscow. 2015. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Курбанов О.Р. Определение потребности населения в различных видах зубных протезов. Вестник Медицинского стоматологического института. 2016;3:13-16. [O.R. Kurbanov. Determination of the population's need for various types of dentures. Bulletin of the Medical Dental Institute. 2016;3:13-16. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurbanov O.R. Opredelenie potrebnosti naseleniya v razlichnyh vidah zubnyh protezov. Vestnik Medicinskogo stomatologicheskogo instituta. 2016;3:13-16. [O.R. Kurbanov. Determination of the population's need for various types of dentures. Bulletin of the Medical Dental Institute. 2016;3:13-16. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеев Д.В. и др. Исследование прочности на изгиб армированного композита. Тверской медицинский журнал. 2016;4:73-75. [D.V. Matveev et al. Study of the bending strength of reinforced composite. Tver Medical Journal. 2016;4:73-75. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveev D.V. i dr. Issledovanie prochnosti na izgib armirovannogo kompozita. Tverskoy medicinskiy zhurnal. 2016;4:73-75. [D.V. Matveev et al. Study of the bending strength of reinforced composite. Tver Medical Journal. 2016;4:73-75. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пархамович С.Н., Тюкова Е. А. Волоконное армирование композитных реставраций в клинической стоматологии. Современная стоматология. 2017;2(67). [S.N. Parkhamovich, E.A. Tyukova. Fiber reinforcement of composite restorations in clinical dentistry. Modern dentistry. 2017;2(67). (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parhamovich S.N., Tyukova E. A. Volokonnoe armirovanie kompozitnyh restavraciy v klinicheskoy stomatologii. Sovremennaya stomatologiya. 2017;2(67). [S.N. Parkhamovich, E.A. Tyukova. Fiber reinforcement of composite restorations in clinical dentistry. Modern dentistry. 2017;2(67). (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Файчук Н.В. Использование безметалловых штифтов в повседневной практике врача-стоматолога. 2017. [N.V. Faichuk. The use of metal-free pins in the daily practice of a dentist. 2017. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Faychuk N.V. Ispol'zovanie bezmetallovyh shtiftov v povsednevnoy praktike vracha-stomatologa. 2017. [N.V. Faichuk. The use of metal-free pins in the daily practice of a dentist. 2017. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alghazzawi T.F. Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: Options for practical implementation // Journal of prosthodontic research. - 2016;60;2:72-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2016.01.003</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alghazzawi T.F. Advancements in CAD/CAM technology: Options for practical implementation // Journal of prosthodontic research. - 2016;60;2:72-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2016.01.003</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Murthy H. B. M. et al. Effect of reinforcement using stainless steel mesh, glass fibers, and polyethylene on the impact strength of heat cure denture base resin-An in vitro study // Journal of international oral health: JIOH. - 2015;7;6:71.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murthy H. B. M. et al. Effect of reinforcement using stainless steel mesh, glass fibers, and polyethylene on the impact strength of heat cure denture base resin-An in vitro study // Journal of international oral health: JIOH. - 2015;7;6:71.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goguţă L. M. et al. Glass fibre reinforced acrylic resin complete dentures: a 5-year clinical study // Gerodontology. - 2012;29;1:64-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.10.013</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goguţă L. M. et al. Glass fibre reinforced acrylic resin complete dentures: a 5-year clinical study // Gerodontology. - 2012;29;1:64-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.10.013</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russo L. L., Salamini A. Removable complete digital dentures: A workflow that integrates open technologies // The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. - 2018;119;5:727-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.06.019</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russo L. L., Salamini A. Removable complete digital dentures: A workflow that integrates open technologies // The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. - 2018;119;5:727-732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.06.019</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi T. et al. Reinforcement in removable prosthodontics: A literature review // Journal of oral rehabilitation. - 2017;44;2:133-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12464</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi T. et al. Reinforcement in removable prosthodontics: A literature review // Journal of oral rehabilitation. - 2017;44;2:133-143. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12464</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takahashi Y., Yoshida K., Shimizu H. Effect of location of glass fiber-reinforced composite reinforcement on the flexural properties of a maxillary complete denture in vitro // Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 2011;69;4:215-221. https://doi.org/10.3109/23337931.2015.1099441</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takahashi Y., Yoshida K., Shimizu H. Effect of location of glass fiber-reinforced composite reinforcement on the flexural properties of a maxillary complete denture in vitro // Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 2011;69;4:215-221. https://doi.org/10.3109/23337931.2015.1099441</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomita A. et al. Survey of Denture Repair Cases: Denture Reinforcement Makes Patients Able to Use Their Dentures for Longer Periods // International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 2018;31;4.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomita A. et al. Survey of Denture Repair Cases: Denture Reinforcement Makes Patients Able to Use Their Dentures for Longer Periods // International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 2018;31;4.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wöstmann B. et al. Indications for removable partial dentures: A literature review // International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 2005;18;2.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wöstmann B. et al. Indications for removable partial dentures: A literature review // International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 2005;18;2.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B24">
    <label>24.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshida K., Takahashi Y., Shimizu H. Effect of embedded metal reinforcements and their location on the fracture resistance of acrylic resin complete dentures // Journal of Prosthodontics: Implant, Esthetic and Reconstructive Dentistry. - 2011;20;5:366-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2011.00720.x</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshida K., Takahashi Y., Shimizu H. Effect of embedded metal reinforcements and their location on the fracture resistance of acrylic resin complete dentures // Journal of Prosthodontics: Implant, Esthetic and Reconstructive Dentistry. - 2011;20;5:366-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2011.00720.x</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B25">
    <label>25.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu S. H. et al. Effects of glass fiber mesh with different fiber content and structures on the compressive properties of complete dentures // The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. - 2015;113;6:636-644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.10.013</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu S. H. et al. Effects of glass fiber mesh with different fiber content and structures on the compressive properties of complete dentures // The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. - 2015;113;6:636-644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.10.013</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
