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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">38986</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-20-16-2-22-29</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>THERAPEUTIC  DENTISTRY</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ СТОМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INDICATORS OF ORAL CAVITY AND ORAL FLUID IN YOUNG PERSONS WHO USE SMOKELESS TOBACCO SNUS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КЛИНИКО-ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОЛОСТИ РТА И РОТОВОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ МОЛОДЫХ ЛИЦ, УПОТРЕБЛЯЮЩИХ ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ТАБАК SNUS</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Копылов</surname>
       <given-names>Дмитрий Олегович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kopylov</surname>
       <given-names>Dmitriy Olegovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>1256dok@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Золотова</surname>
       <given-names>Людмила Юрьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zolotova</surname>
       <given-names>Lyudmila Yurievna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>lzolot@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Анисимова</surname>
       <given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Anisimova</surname>
       <given-names>Irina Vasilievna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>iva254813@yandex.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мороговская</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Андреевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Morogovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Olga Andreevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>miss.morogovskaya@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Золотов</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zolotov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Nikolaevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>azolotov@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат медицинских наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of medical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Омск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Omsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Омск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Omsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Омск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Omsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Омск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Omsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный медицинский университет</institution>
     <city>Омск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Omsk State Medical University</institution>
     <city>Omsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>16</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>22</fpage>
   <lpage>29</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/38986/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/38986/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Предмет. Рассмотрена проблема влияния жевательного табака на клинико-лабораторные показатели ротовой жидкости и состояние слизистой рта у молодых людей.&#13;
Цель ― определить динамику химических и физических параметров ротовой жидкости у лиц в возрасте 18―20 лет, употребляющих жевательный табак в форме snus.&#13;
Методология. В исследовании приняли участие 20 испытуемых в возрасте 18―20 лет, разделенных на 2 группы по 10 человек: основную, состоящую из людей, употребляющих только жевательный табак более 6 месяцев, и контрольную, состоящую из людей, не употребляющих табак в любой форме.  Клинико-лабораторные показатели ротовой жидкости определяли с помощью химических (pH, концентрации тиоцианатов (родонидов), кальция, фосфора; активность альфамилазы), физических (вязкость) и клинических (скорость саливации, индексы) параметров (трехкратно: до, во время и после употребления жевательного табака).&#13;
Результаты. Установлено, что при употреблении snus происходит увеличение содержания тиоцинатов (максимально во время употребления табака) и вязкости (особенно после его употребления), повышается активность альфа-амилазы (после его употребления), изменяется pH: до употребления выявлена слабокислая среда ротовой жидкости, во время ― щелочная, после ― слабощелочная. Не было установлено достоверных изменений содержания Ca|P в исследуемых образцах слюны. В результате клинического исследования выявлены изменения слизистой оболочки в местах приложения snus (признаки лейкоплакии, утолщение и уплощение уздечек губ), низкий уровень гигиены рта, наличие кариозных поражений в пришеечных областях резцов нижней челюсти.&#13;
Выводы. Проникновение никотина и других вредных продуктов, образующихся при употреблении snus, в системный кровоток ведет к хронической интоксикации организма. Жевательный табак в местах приложения во рту приводит к патологическим изменениям: хронической травме слизистой, патологии пародонта и твердых тканей зубов. Вследствие местного и системного воздействий увеличивается риск возникновения злокачественных новообразований.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Background. The article is explored the problem of the influence of smokeless tobacco (snus) on clinical and laboratory indicators of oral fluid and the statement of oral mucosa of young people.&#13;
Objective. To determine the dynamics of the chemical and physical parameters of oral fluid in 18-20 years old persons who use smokeless tobacco snus.&#13;
Methodology. Clinical and laboratory examination of oral fluid is performed in 20 persons aged 18-20 years, who are divided into 2 groups, each group consist of 10 people: the study group which includes persons, who used only smokeless tobacco for more than 6 months, and the control group - persons who did not use tobacco in any form respectively. Chemical (pH, concentrations of thiocyanates (rhodonides), calcium, phosphorus; activity of alpha amylase), physical (viscosity), clinical (salivation rate, indices) parameters were used in both groups (three times before, during and after using smokeless tobacco).&#13;
The results. It was found that persons who use snus have significant elevation in salivary thiocyanate level, especially during applying smokeless tobacco; increasing in viscosity, especially after tobacco use; rising of the alpha amylase activity after snus using; changes in pH before snus using were slightly acidic environment of oral fluid, during - alkaline, after - weakly alkaline. So, there are no reliable changes in the content of Ca|P in the studied saliva samples. Clinical study found some changes in the mucous membrane in the areas of application of snus (signs of leukoplakia, thickening and flattening of the frenules of the lips), low oral hygiene, the presence of cavities in the parietal areas of incisors of the lower jaw.&#13;
Conclusions. The absorption of nicotine and other harmful products, which generated by the using of smokeless tobacco, in the systemic bloodstream leads to chronic system intoxication. «Snus» at the application points in the mouth leads to pathological changes: mucous membrane chronic trauma, periodontal disease and dental hard tissues. Due to local and systemic impact smokeless tobacco increases the risk of malignant tumors.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>ротовая жидкость</kwd>
    <kwd>вязкость</kwd>
    <kwd>тиоционаты</kwd>
    <kwd>хроническая травма слизистой рта</kwd>
    <kwd>жевательный табак</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>oral fluid</kwd>
    <kwd>viscosity</kwd>
    <kwd>thiocyanates</kwd>
    <kwd>mucous membrane chronic trauma</kwd>
    <kwd>smokeless tobacco</kwd>
    <kwd>snus</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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