<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Actual problems in dentistry</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Проблемы стоматологии</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2077-7566</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">2412-9461</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">117582</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18481/2077-7566-2026-22-1-</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>LITERATURE REVIEW</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">OPTIMIZATION OF DIGITAL PLANNING FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF REMOVABLE DENTURES IN PATIENTS WITH COMPLETE AND PARTIAL ABSENCE OF TEETH</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ЦИФРОВОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ СЪЕМНЫХ ЗУБНЫХ ПРОТЕЗОВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПОЛНЫМ И ЧАСТИЧНЫМ ОТСУТСТВИЕМ ЗУБОВ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Кишкань</surname>
       <given-names>Антон </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kishkan'</surname>
       <given-names>Anton </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>antonnn432@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5206-9135</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Путинцев</surname>
       <given-names>Максим Юрьевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Putincev</surname>
       <given-names>Maksim Yur'evich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>max.jjjm@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Теблеева</surname>
       <given-names>Евгения Цебековна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Tebleeva</surname>
       <given-names>Evgeniya Ts.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>tebleeva_e_ts@staff.sechenov.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Подобаева</surname>
       <given-names>Полина Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Podobaeva</surname>
       <given-names>Pauline A.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>tebleeva_e_ts@staff.sechenov.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Харченко</surname>
       <given-names>Роман Эдуардович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Harchenko</surname>
       <given-names>Roman E.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>kharchenko_r_e@staff.sechenov.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Первый московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov University</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>RU</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov (Sechenov University)</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>22</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>10</fpage>
   <lpage>10</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>03</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/117582/view">https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/117582/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Стремительное развитие цифровой ортопедической стоматологии существенно меняет подход врачей к съемному протезированию, открывая новые возможности для планирования ортопедического лечения у пациентов с такими клиническими ситуациями, как полное и частичное отсутствие зубов. Традиционный подход к съемному протезированию включал в себя большое количество последовательных клинических и зуботехнических этапов, лечение могло занимать до нескольких недель. Применение цифровых технологий позволяет реализовать лечение за 1–2 посещения стоматолога-ортопеда. Ключевую роль в этом прогрессе играет комплексное применение высокоточного интраорального сканирования, компьютерного моделирования (CAD), а также автоматизированных методов производства (CAM). Точность и прогнозируемость конечного результата при использовании цифровых протоколов достигают уровня, который был попросту недостижим при традиционных аналоговых подходах. Однако столь активное развитие технологий, когда новые методики и материалы появляются практически в режиме реального времени, ставит перед практикующими специалистами важную задачу поиска оптимальных путей их интеграции в повседневную клиническую практику. Данная научная работа направлена на исследование и систематизацию методов оптимизации цифрового планирования при изготовлении съемных зубных протезов у пациентов с полным и частичным отсутствием зубов. Был проведен тщательный теоретический анализ отечественных и зарубежных научных источников, освещающих современные достижения и актуальные проблемы цифровой ортопедической стоматологии, а также дальнейшие перспективы применения CAD/CAM в области съемного протезирования. Установлено, что ключевым фактором успешной оптимизации цифрового протокола является строго индивидуальный подход к выбору методов лечения в зависимости от конкретного клинического случая. Также обоснована высокая целесообразность применения гибридного цифро-аналогового подхода. Сочетание возможностей цифрового планирования и CAD/CAM производства с проверенными временем традиционными аналоговыми методами позволяет нивелировать недостатки каждого из подходов и достигать максимальной функциональной и эстетической точности при изготовлении современных съемных протетических конструкций.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The rapid development of digital orthopedic dentistry is significantly changing doctors' approaches to removable prosthetics, opening up new possibilities for planning orthopedic treatment in patients with clinical situations such as complete and partial edentulism. The traditional approach to removable prosthetics involved a large number of sequential clinical and dental laboratory stages, with treatment potentially taking up to several weeks. The use of digital technologies, however, allows treatment to be completed in 1–2 visits to the orthopedic dentist. A key role in this progress is played by the integrated application of high-precision intraoral scanning, computer-aided design (CAD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) methods. The accuracy and predictability of the final result achieved with digital protocols reach a level that was simply unattainable with traditional analog approaches. However, such an active development of technologies, where new techniques and materials emerge almost in real-time, presents practicing specialists with the important task of finding optimal ways to integrate them into everyday clinical practice. This study aims to investigate and systematize methods for optimizing digital planning in the fabrication of removable dentures for patients with complete and partial edentulism. A thorough theoretical analysis of domestic and international scientific literature was conducted, covering current achievements and current challenges in digital orthopedic dentistry, as well as future prospects for the application of CAD/CAM in the field of removable prosthetics. It was established that a key factor for the successful optimization of the digital protocol is a strictly individualized approach to the selection of treatment methods depending on the specific clinical case. The high feasibility of applying a hybrid digital-analog approach was also substantiated. Combining the capabilities of digital planning and CAD/CAM manufacturing with time-tested traditional analog methods allows for the mitigation of the disadvantages inherent in each approach and achieving maximum functional and aesthetic accuracy in the fabrication of modern removable prosthetic structures.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>адентия</kwd>
    <kwd>съемные зубные протезы</kwd>
    <kwd>цифровое планирование зубного протезирования</kwd>
    <kwd>CAD/CAM</kwd>
    <kwd>3D-печать</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>adentia</kwd>
    <kwd>removable dentures</kwd>
    <kwd>digital prosthetics planning</kwd>
    <kwd>CAD/CAM</kwd>
    <kwd>3D-printing</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saddq T.H., AL-Kaisy N., Ibrahim R.O. Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with Existing Complete Dentures for Those Patients Attending College of Dentistry University of Sulaimani. Sulaimani Dental Journal. 2020;7(2):90-98. https://doi.org/10.17656/sdj.10120</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saddq T.H., AL-Kaisy N., Ibrahim R.O. Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction with Existing Complete Dentures for Those Patients Attending College of Dentistry University of Sulaimani. Sulaimani Dental Journal. 2020;7(2):90-98. https://doi.org/10.17656/sdj.10120</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organisation. Oral Health Uganda 2022 country profile: Technical document. WHO; 18 Nov 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/oral-health-uga-2022-country-profile?ysclid=mnigao147s94811170</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organisation. Oral Health Uganda 2022 country profile: Technical document. WHO; 18 Nov 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/oral-health-uga-2022-country-profile?ysclid=mnigao147s94811170</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова Е.А., Иванова И.О., Егорова А.В. Изучение факторов риска развития адентии постоянных зубов. Актуальные проблемы теоретической и клинической медицины. 2021;(1):98-102. [Ivanova E.A., Ivanova I.O., Egorova A.V. Study of risk factors for the development of permanent teeth adentia. Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine. 2021;(1):98-102. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.24412/2790-1289-2021-198102</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova E.A., Ivanova I.O., Egorova A.V. Izuchenie faktorov riska razvitiya adentii postoyannyh zubov. Aktual'nye problemy teoreticheskoy i klinicheskoy mediciny. 2021;(1):98-102. [Ivanova E.A., Ivanova I.O., Egorova A.V. Study of risk factors for the development of permanent teeth adentia. Actual Problems of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine. 2021;(1):98-102. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.24412/2790-1289-2021-198102</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee D.J., Saponaro P.C. Management of edentulous patients. Dental clinics of North America. 2019;63(2): 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2018.11.006</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee D.J., Saponaro P.C. Management of edentulous patients. Dental clinics of North America. 2019;63(2): 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2018.11.006</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuktaeva M.M. Specificity of treatment for complications in the oral cavity after removable dental prostheses. Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences. 2025;5(3 Pt 2):12-14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15128820</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tuktaeva M.M. Specificity of treatment for complications in the oral cavity after removable dental prostheses. Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences. 2025;5(3 Pt 2):12-14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15128820</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерошенко Р.Э., Стафеев А.А. Анализ распространенности стоматологических заболеваний, требующих ортопедического лечения, среди сельского населения Омской области. Стоматология. 2018;97(1):9-15. [Eroshenko R.E., Stafeev A.A. Analysis of the prevalence of dental diseases requiring orthopedic treatment among the rural population of the Omsk region. Dentistry. 2018;97(1):9-15. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat20189719-15</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eroshenko R.E., Stafeev A.A. Analiz rasprostranennosti stomatologicheskih zabolevaniy, trebuyuschih ortopedicheskogo lecheniya, sredi sel'skogo naseleniya Omskoy oblasti. Stomatologiya. 2018;97(1):9-15. [Eroshenko R.E., Stafeev A.A. Analysis of the prevalence of dental diseases requiring orthopedic treatment among the rural population of the Omsk region. Dentistry. 2018;97(1):9-15. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat20189719-15</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Rafee M.A. The epidemiology of edentulism and the associated factors: A literature Review. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2020;9(4):1841-1843. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1181_19</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Rafee M.A. The epidemiology of edentulism and the associated factors: A literature Review. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2020;9(4):1841-1843. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1181_19</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mubaraki M.Q., Moaleem M.M.A., Alzahrani A.H., Shariff M., Alqahtani S.M., Porwal A. Assessment of Conventionally and Digitally Fabricated Complete Dentures: A Comprehensive Review. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(11):3868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113868</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mubaraki M.Q., Moaleem M.M.A., Alzahrani A.H., Shariff M., Alqahtani S.M., Porwal A. Assessment of Conventionally and Digitally Fabricated Complete Dentures: A Comprehensive Review. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(11):3868. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113868</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaber A., Alshame A., Salem K., Manickam Natarajan P. The Association between Teeth Loss and Oral Health Problems. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology. 2021;15(2):1892- 1902. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14608</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jaber A., Alshame A., Salem K., Manickam Natarajan P. The Association between Teeth Loss and Oral Health Problems. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine &amp; Toxicology. 2021;15(2):1892- 1902. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14608</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ворожко А.А., Клемин В.А., Майлян Э.А., Прилуцкий А.С., Трунова О.А. Распространенность и методы ортопедического лечения адентии, побочные эффекты и осложнения, аллергические реакции. Университетская клиника. 2024;(2):62-68. [Vorozhko A.A., Klyomin V.A., Maylyan E.A., Prilutskii A.S., Trunova O.A. Prevalence and methods of orthopedic treatment of adentia, side effects and complications, allergic reactions. University Clinic. 2024;(2):62-68. (In Russ.)]. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=67968930</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vorozhko A.A., Klemin V.A., Maylyan E.A., Priluckiy A.S., Trunova O.A. Rasprostranennost' i metody ortopedicheskogo lecheniya adentii, pobochnye effekty i oslozhneniya, allergicheskie reakcii. Universitetskaya klinika. 2024;(2):62-68. [Vorozhko A.A., Klyomin V.A., Maylyan E.A., Prilutskii A.S., Trunova O.A. Prevalence and methods of orthopedic treatment of adentia, side effects and complications, allergic reactions. University Clinic. 2024;(2):62-68. (In Russ.)]. https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=67968930</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agbor A.M., Bruno K., Salomon Z., Ananfack G.C., Clement T. Pattern and Consequences of Non-Replacement of Missing Teeth amongst Edentulous Adults in Ngaoundéré-Cameroon. British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research. 2022;9(3):198-208. https://doi.org/10.14738/jbemi.93.12384</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agbor A.M., Bruno K., Salomon Z., Ananfack G.C., Clement T. Pattern and Consequences of Non-Replacement of Missing Teeth amongst Edentulous Adults in Ngaoundéré-Cameroon. British Journal of Healthcare and Medical Research. 2022;9(3):198-208. https://doi.org/10.14738/jbemi.93.12384</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diaconu-Popa D., Vițalariu A., Mârțu I., Luchian I., Luca O., Tatarciuc M. Full dentures realization-conventional vs digital technologies. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2021;13(4):160-173. http://rjor.ro/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Full-dentures-realization-conventional-vs-digital-technologies.pdf</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diaconu-Popa D., Vițalariu A., Mârțu I., Luchian I., Luca O., Tatarciuc M. Full dentures realization-conventional vs digital technologies. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2021;13(4):160-173. http://rjor.ro/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Full-dentures-realization-conventional-vs-digital-technologies.pdf</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Campbell S.D., Cooper L., Craddock H., Hyde T.P., Nattress B., Pavitt S.H. et al. Removable partial dentures: The clinical need for innovation. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2017;118(3):273-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.01.008</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Campbell S.D., Cooper L., Craddock H., Hyde T.P., Nattress B., Pavitt S.H. et al. Removable partial dentures: The clinical need for innovation. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2017;118(3):273-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.01.008</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yao M., Gan N., Ming J., Cheng H., Jiao T. In vivo study of intraoral scanner trueness in partial edentulism. Scientific reports. 2025;15(1):20637. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06562-0</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yao M., Gan N., Ming J., Cheng H., Jiao T. In vivo study of intraoral scanner trueness in partial edentulism. Scientific reports. 2025;15(1):20637. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-06562-0</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saadeh C., Tohme H., Lawand G., Khoury N., Yared C. Effect of Using Cheek Retractors on Patient Satisfaction and Trueness of Peripheral Borders in Maxillary Digital Scans for Totally Edentulous Patients: An In Vivo Study. The International journal of prosthodontics. 2025;38(1):55-63. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.8895</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saadeh C., Tohme H., Lawand G., Khoury N., Yared C. Effect of Using Cheek Retractors on Patient Satisfaction and Trueness of Peripheral Borders in Maxillary Digital Scans for Totally Edentulous Patients: An In Vivo Study. The International journal of prosthodontics. 2025;38(1):55-63. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.8895</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chebib N., Imamura Y., El Osta N., Srinivasan M., Müller F., Maniewicz S. Fit and retention of complete denture bases: Part II - conventional impressions versus digital scans: A clinical controlled crossover study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2024;131(4):618-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.004</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chebib N., Imamura Y., El Osta N., Srinivasan M., Müller F., Maniewicz S. Fit and retention of complete denture bases: Part II - conventional impressions versus digital scans: A clinical controlled crossover study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2024;131(4):618-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.004</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lo Russo L., Sorrentino R., Esperouz F., Zarone F., Ercoli C., Guida L. Assessment of distortion of intraoral scans of edentulous mandibular arch made with a 2-step scanning strategy: A clinical study. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2025;134(1):151-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.029</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lo Russo L., Sorrentino R., Esperouz F., Zarone F., Ercoli C., Guida L. Assessment of distortion of intraoral scans of edentulous mandibular arch made with a 2-step scanning strategy: A clinical study. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2025;134(1):151-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.029</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Апресян С.В., Степанов А.Г., Антоник М.М., Дегтярев Н.Е., Кравец П.Л., Лихненко М.Н. и др. Комплексное цифровое планирование стоматологического лечения. Москва: Мозартика; 2020. 398 с. [Apresyan S.V., Stepanov A.G., Antonik M.M., Degtyarev N.E., Kravets P.L., Likhnenko M.N. et al. Comprehensive digital planning of dental treatment. Moscow: Mozartika; 2020. 398 p. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Apresyan S.V., Stepanov A.G., Antonik M.M., Degtyarev N.E., Kravec P.L., Lihnenko M.N. i dr. Kompleksnoe cifrovoe planirovanie stomatologicheskogo lecheniya. Moskva: Mozartika; 2020. 398 s. [Apresyan S.V., Stepanov A.G., Antonik M.M., Degtyarev N.E., Kravets P.L., Likhnenko M.N. et al. Comprehensive digital planning of dental treatment. Moscow: Mozartika; 2020. 398 p. (In Russ.)].</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh R., Mistry G., Kini A., Ansari R., Kailaje V., Kapoor S. Accuracy and Clinical Performance of Intraoral Scanners Compared to Conventional and Extraoral Impressions: An Umbrella Review. Cureus. 2025;17(9):e93202. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.93202</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh R., Mistry G., Kini A., Ansari R., Kailaje V., Kapoor S. Accuracy and Clinical Performance of Intraoral Scanners Compared to Conventional and Extraoral Impressions: An Umbrella Review. Cureus. 2025;17(9):e93202. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.93202</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жданов Д.В., Ворожко А.А., Баркова Д.А., Яворская Е.А. Изготовление полных съемных протезов по аналоговой методике с использованием современных цифровых технологий. Тверской медицинский журнал. 2024;(5):123-126. [Zhdanov D.V., Vorozhko A.A., Barkova D.A., Yavorskaya E.A. Manufacturing of complete removable dentures using an analog technique using modern digital technologies. Tver Medical Journal. 2024;(5):123-126. (In Russ.)]. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=75197441</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanov D.V., Vorozhko A.A., Barkova D.A., Yavorskaya E.A. Izgotovlenie polnyh s'emnyh protezov po analogovoy metodike s ispol'zovaniem sovremennyh cifrovyh tehnologiy. Tverskoy medicinskiy zhurnal. 2024;(5):123-126. [Zhdanov D.V., Vorozhko A.A., Barkova D.A., Yavorskaya E.A. Manufacturing of complete removable dentures using an analog technique using modern digital technologies. Tver Medical Journal. 2024;(5):123-126. (In Russ.)]. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=75197441</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pletkus J., Auškalnis L., Gendvilienė I., Pletkus R., Eyüboğlu T.F., Özcan M. et al. Accuracy of different maxillomandibular relationship recording techniques in the edentulous maxillary arch. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13976</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pletkus J., Auškalnis L., Gendvilienė I., Pletkus R., Eyüboğlu T.F., Özcan M. et al. Accuracy of different maxillomandibular relationship recording techniques in the edentulous maxillary arch. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13976</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Привалова А.В., Лещева Е.А. Функциональные характеристики височно-нижнечелюстного сустава при регистрации центрального соотношения челюстей с помощью различных депрограммирующих аппаратов. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2025;17(3):51-61. [Privalova AV, Leshcheva EA. Functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint following registration of centric relation using various anterior deprogrammers. HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2025;17(3):51-61.]. https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov643624</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Privalova A.V., Lescheva E.A. Funkcional'nye harakteristiki visochno-nizhnechelyustnogo sustava pri registracii central'nogo sootnosheniya chelyustey s pomosch'yu razlichnyh deprogrammiruyuschih apparatov. Vestnik Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo medicinskogo universiteta im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2025;17(3):51-61. [Privalova AV, Leshcheva EA. Functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint following registration of centric relation using various anterior deprogrammers. HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2025;17(3):51-61.]. https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov643624</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dawoud Y., Bahig D., Shawky A.A. Evaluation Of Retention and Assessment of Biting Force Distribution of a Complete Denture Fabricated Using 3D Printed Custom Trays with Arcus Digma Versus Conventional Method (A Cross Over Study). Ain Shams Dental Journal. 2021;23(3):120-130. https://doi.org/10.21608/asdj.2022.116490.1104</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dawoud Y., Bahig D., Shawky A.A. Evaluation Of Retention and Assessment of Biting Force Distribution of a Complete Denture Fabricated Using 3D Printed Custom Trays with Arcus Digma Versus Conventional Method (A Cross Over Study). Ain Shams Dental Journal. 2021;23(3):120-130. https://doi.org/10.21608/asdj.2022.116490.1104</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B24">
    <label>24.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Albis G., Forte M., Stef L., Feier D.R., García V.D., Corsalini M. et al. A Digital Workflow for Virtual Articulator Mounting Using Face Scan and Facebow Capture: A Proof-of-Concept. Dentistry journal. 2025;13(8):378. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13080378</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Albis G., Forte M., Stef L., Feier D.R., García V.D., Corsalini M. et al. A Digital Workflow for Virtual Articulator Mounting Using Face Scan and Facebow Capture: A Proof-of-Concept. Dentistry journal. 2025;13(8):378. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13080378</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B25">
    <label>25.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Modiga C., Stoia A., Leretter M.T., Chiş A.C., Ardelean A.V., Azar E.R. et al. Mechanical Assessment of Denture Polymers Processing Technologies. Journal of functional biomaterials. 2024;15(8):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15080234</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Modiga C., Stoia A., Leretter M.T., Chiş A.C., Ardelean A.V., Azar E.R. et al. Mechanical Assessment of Denture Polymers Processing Technologies. Journal of functional biomaterials. 2024;15(8):234. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15080234</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B26">
    <label>26.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эртесян А.Р., Садыков М.И., Нестеров А.М. Обзор технологий 3D-печати в стоматологии. Медико-фармацевтический журнал «Пульс». 2020;22(10):15-18. [Ertesyan A.R., Sadykov M.I., Nesterov A.M. Overview of 3d printing technologies in dentistry. Medical and pharmaceutical journal &quot;Pulse&quot;. 2020;22(10):15-18. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2020-22-10-15-18</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ertesyan A.R., Sadykov M.I., Nesterov A.M. Obzor tehnologiy 3D-pechati v stomatologii. Mediko-farmacevticheskiy zhurnal «Pul's». 2020;22(10):15-18. [Ertesyan A.R., Sadykov M.I., Nesterov A.M. Overview of 3d printing technologies in dentistry. Medical and pharmaceutical journal &quot;Pulse&quot;. 2020;22(10):15-18. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2020-22-10-15-18</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B27">
    <label>27.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alaseef N., Albasarah S., Alabdulghani H., Al-Harbi F.A., Gad M.M., Akhtar S. et al. CAD-CAM Fabricated Denture Base Resins: In Vitro Investigation of the Minimum Acceptable Denture Base Thickness. Journal of prosthodontics. 2022;31(9):799-805. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13486</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alaseef N., Albasarah S., Alabdulghani H., Al-Harbi F.A., Gad M.M., Akhtar S. et al. CAD-CAM Fabricated Denture Base Resins: In Vitro Investigation of the Minimum Acceptable Denture Base Thickness. Journal of prosthodontics. 2022;31(9):799-805. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13486</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B28">
    <label>28.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee D.H., Lee J.S. Comparison of flexural strength according to thickness between CAD/CAM denture base resins and conventional denture base resins. Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science. 2020;36(3):183-195. https://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2020.36.3.183</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee D.H., Lee J.S. Comparison of flexural strength according to thickness between CAD/CAM denture base resins and conventional denture base resins. Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science. 2020;36(3):183-195. https://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2020.36.3.183</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B29">
    <label>29.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalberer N., Mehl A., Schimmel M., Müller F., Srinivasan M. CAD-CAM milled versus rapidly prototyped (3D-printed) complete dentures: An in vitro evaluation of trueness. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(4):637-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.001</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalberer N., Mehl A., Schimmel M., Müller F., Srinivasan M. CAD-CAM milled versus rapidly prototyped (3D-printed) complete dentures: An in vitro evaluation of trueness. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(4):637-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.001</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B30">
    <label>30.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cameron A.B., Kim H., Evans J.L., Abuzar M.A., Tadakamadla S.K., Alifui-Segbaya F. Intaglio surface of CNC milled versus 3D printed maxillary complete denture bases – An in vitro investigation of the accuracy of seven systems. Journal of dentistry. 2024;151:105389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105389</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cameron A.B., Kim H., Evans J.L., Abuzar M.A., Tadakamadla S.K., Alifui-Segbaya F. Intaglio surface of CNC milled versus 3D printed maxillary complete denture bases – An in vitro investigation of the accuracy of seven systems. Journal of dentistry. 2024;151:105389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105389</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B31">
    <label>31.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y.J., Chu T.G., Lin W.S. Translucency parameter and color masking ability of CAD-CAM denture base materials against metal substrates. Journal of prosthodontics. 2023;32(S1):61-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13581</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y.J., Chu T.G., Lin W.S. Translucency parameter and color masking ability of CAD-CAM denture base materials against metal substrates. Journal of prosthodontics. 2023;32(S1):61-67. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopr.13581</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B32">
    <label>32.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamdy T.M. Evaluation of flexural strength, impact strength, and surface microhardness of self-cured acrylic resin reinforced with silver-doped carbon nanotubes. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1) :151. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03909-3</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hamdy T.M. Evaluation of flexural strength, impact strength, and surface microhardness of self-cured acrylic resin reinforced with silver-doped carbon nanotubes. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1) :151. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-03909-3</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
