Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 105537 10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-3-114-128 ПАРОДОНТОЛОГИЯ PERIODONTIC DENTISTRY ПАРОДОНТОЛОГИЯ ORAL MICROBIOME IN YOUNG PEOPLE DIAGNOSED WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS BASED IN KAZAN, RUSSIA МИКРОБИОМ ПОЛОСТИ РТА ЛИЦ МОЛОДОГО ВОЗРАСТА ГОРОДА КАЗАНИ С ДИАГНОЗОМ ХРОНИЧЕСКИЙ ГЕНЕРАЛИЗОВАННЫЙ ПАРОДОНТИТ Цинеккер Дарья Тиловна Zinecker Daria Tilovna daschaz@inbox.ru Мамаева Елена Владимировна Mamaeva Elena Vladimirovna mamaeva49.49@mail.ru

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Хусаинов Ирек Хайдарович Khusainov Irek Haydarovich i@khusainovirek.ru Капралов Сергей Игоревич Kapralov Sergey I. skapralov777@gmail.com Хасанова Саида Радиковна Khasanova Saida R. khasanova.saida1999@yandex.ru Цинеккер Дина Айдаровна Cinekker Dina Aydarovna dzinecker@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Казанский государственный медицинский университет Казань Россия Kazan State Medical University Kazan Russian Federation Казанский государственный медицинский университет Казань Россия Kazan State Medical University Kazan Russian Federation Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр Казань Россия Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic Center Kazan Russian Federation Межрегиональный клинико-диагностический центр Казань Россия Interregional Clinical and Diagnostic Center Kazan Russian Federation Городская Стоматология Казань Россия City Dentistry Kazan Russian Federation Институт усовершенствования врачей Чебоксары Россия Institute for Advanced Medical Studies Cheboksary Russian Federation 29 10 2025 29 10 2025 21 3 114 121 18 10 2025 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/105537/view

Воспалительные заболевания пародонта имеют мультифакториальную природу, где основополагающим фактором является наличие пародонтопатогенов. Изучение микробиома пародонтальных пространств дает возможность персонализированной малоинвазивной таргетной терапии, что в свою очередь повышает эффективность от лечения и снижает риск системных осложнений. Описание исследования. Были обследованы 483 первичных пациента, обратившихся на пародонтологическую консультацию, из них отобраны пациенты, соответствующие критериям исследования: молодой возраст (18–44 лет), отсутствие: соматической патологии, беременности и гормональной терапии, использования антибиотиков и антисептиков в течение последних 3 месяцев, курения и чистки зубов за 6 часов до взятия анализа; подтверждение диагноза: хронический генерализованный пародонтит легкой или средней степени. Каждый пациент после письменного согласия на участие проходил через клиническое, рентгенологическое и микробиологическое обследование. Результаты. У 257 первичных пациентов молодого возраста г. Казани с диагнозом хронический генерализованный пародонтит легкой и средней степени было выявлено следующее распределение микробных форм: Candida albicans, S. aureus – 24,9% (64) и 18,2% (47), соответственно, 12% (31) – род Enterobacter, 7% (18) – род Pseudomonas. Такие микробные формы как P. gingivalis, Acinetobacter spp., P. micros, K. Pneumoniae и Klebsiella spp. высеялись у примерно 4–5% пациентов с указанным диагнозом. В % распределении от 1 до 2% попали следующие представители микробного мира: B. cereus, S. maltophilia, S. pyogenes, P. Aeruginosa, Actinomyces spp., S. oralis и C. non albicans. Наименьшее количество заняли пациенты с представителями E. coli, Citrobacter spp., и Acinetobacter baumannii – каждый из них обнаружен менее, чем у 1% пациентов.

Inflammatory periodontal diseases have a multifactorial nature, where the presence of periodontopathogens is the fundamental factor. The study of the periodontal microbiome provides an opportunity for personalized minimally invasive targeted therapy, which in turn increases the effectiveness of treatment and reduces the risk of systemic complications. Description of the study. 483 primary patients who came to a periodontal consultation were examined, and patients who met the study criteria were selected: young age (18–44 years), absence of: somatic pathology, pregnancy and hormonal therapy, use of antibiotics and antiseptics within the last 3 months, smoking and brushing teeth 6 hours before the test; confirmation of the diagnosis: chronic generalized periodontitis of mild or moderate severity. Each patient, after written consent to participate, underwent a clinical, radiological and microbiological examination. Results: In 257 primary patients of young age in Kazan with a diagnosis of chronic generalized periodontitis of mild and moderate severity, the following distribution of microbial forms was revealed: Candida albicans, S. aureus – 24.9% (64) and 18.2% (47), respectively, 12% (31) – Enterobacter genus, 7% (18) – Pseudomonas genus. Such microbial forms as P. gingivalis, Acinetobacter spp., P. micros, K. Pneumoniae and Klebsiella spp. were sown in approximately 4-5% of patients with the specified diagnosis. In the % distribution from 1 to 2% the following representatives of the microbial world were included: B. cerus, S. maltophilia, S. pyogenes, P. Aeruginosa, Actinomyces spp., S. oralis and C. non albicans. The smallest number of patients were infected with E. coli, Citrobacter spp., and Acinetobacter baumanii, each of which was found in less than 1% of patients.

 пародонтит микробиом кандидоассоциированный пародонтит золотистый стафилококк бактериологический посев periodontitis microbiome Candida-associated periodontitis Staphylococcus aureus bacteriological culture

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