Actual problems in dentistry Actual problems in dentistry Проблемы стоматологии 2077-7566 2412-9461 103403 10.18481/2077-7566-2025-21-3-5-9 ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ LITERATURE REVIEW ЛЕКЦИИ / ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. DENTAL MANIFESTATIONS OF COMORBID DISEASE. LITERATURE REVIEW СИСТЕМНАЯ КРАСНАЯ ВОЛЧАНКА. СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ КОМОРБИДНОГО ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ Зорина Юлия Вячеславовна Zorina Yulia V. uvzorina@rambler.ru Шахмурадян Григорий Михайлович Shahmuradyan Grigoriy M. grigorii6512@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-8408 Федорова Надежда Станиславовна Fedorova Nadezhda S. nadegdafedorova@gmail.com

доктор медицинских наук;

doctor of medical sciences;

 Журавлева Надежда Владимировна Zhuravleva Nadezhda V. Zhuravlevanv@mail.ru

кандидат медицинских наук;

candidate of medical sciences;

 Чувашский государственный университет имени И.Н. Ульянова Chuvash State University named after I. N. Ulyanov Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова Чебоксары Россия I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary Cheboksary Russian Federation Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова Чебоксары Россия I.N. Ulianov Chuvash State University Cheboksary Russian Federation Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова Чебоксары Россия Чувашский государственный университет им. И.Н. Ульянова Чебоксары Russian Federation 29 10 2025 29 10 2025 21 3 5 9 20 08 2025 https://dental-press.ru/en/nauka/article/103403/view

Системная красная волчанка – хроническое, аутоиммунное, мультисистемное заболевание, клинические проявления которого во рту часто являются маркерными проявлениями этого коварного заболевания. Изучение стоматологических проявлений системной красной волчанки с целью ранней диагностики и лечения определило актуальность данной публикации. Цель работы. Анализ актуальных научных публикаций, посвященных стоматологическим проявлениям системной красной волчанки, опубликованных в литературных базах eLIBRARY.RU, Электронная библиотека диссертаций Российской государственной библиотеки, National Institutes of Health (NIH), PubMed и Medline. Глубина поиска – 15 лет. Методология. Методом исследования явился теоретический анализ источников отечественной и зарубежной литературы, в которых опубликованы научные данные об особенностях клинических проявлений системной красной волчанки во рту. Результаты. Повреждение органов и тканей рта при системной красной волчанке в 30% случаев сопровождает кожные проявления заболевания в активном периоде болезни. Диагностически значимым стоматологическим проявлением системной красной волчанки является специфическое повреждение красной каймы губ с распространением патологического процесса на всю ее поверхность. Поражение слизистой оболочки рта проявляется типичными для этого заболевания дискоидными очагами, расположенными на слизистой оболочке твердого неба, как правило, симметрично, в виде распахнутых крыльев бабочки. Клиническая картина стоматологических проявлений системной красной волчанки в полости рта дополняется пародонтитом с различными клиническими формами гингивита. Повреждение твердых тканей зубов проявляется активным течением кариозного процесса. У пациентов достоверно болеющих системной красной волчанкой имеются признаки хронического артрита с медиальными подвывихами и мышечно-суставной дисфункцией. Нередкими являются случаи асептического некроза сустава с укорочением ветви нижней челюсти. Выводы. Системная красная волчанка — это распространенное, часто встречающееся заболевание, в 30% случаев проявляющееся в полости рта. Своевременная диагностика заболевания на основании его стоматологических проявлений на этапе первичной медико-санитарной стоматологической помощи способствует грамотной маршрутизации и лечению пациентов.

Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem disease, the clinical manifestations of which in the mouth are often a marker manifestation of the insidious disease. The study of the dental manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus for the purpose of early diagnosis and treatment has determined the relevance of this publication. Objectives. Analysis of current scientific publications devoted to dental manifestations of systemic red lupus, published in literature databases eLIBRARY.RU, Electronic Thesis Library of the Russian State Library, National Institutes of Health (NIH), PubMed and Medline. The search covered is 15 years. Methodology. The method of research was a theoretical analysis of sources of domestic and foreign literature, in which scientific data on the characteristics of clinical manifestations of systemic red lupus in the mouth were published. Results. According to the literature analysis of available international studies, it can be argued that the oral mucosa in systemic red lupus with ulcerative sites discoid form occurs on average in 31% of the total number of patients, having dental manifestations of the disease. Typical discoid foci on the oral mucosa were found in patients with systemic red lupus, first manifested in childhood in 41% of cases, in patients with disease first manifested in adulthood - 26%, and in patients with elderly systemic red lupus in 26% of cases. The prevalence of lupus erythematosus in the form of spots with unmarked borders, foci of telangiectasia and swelling of the tissues under treatment is 9%, candidiasis of the mouth - 9%, petechiae - 8%, hylite of the lower lip in the form of erythematosus with peeling and formation of pseudomembrane - 6%, clearly outlined white lace hyperkeratosis of the hard palate - 3%. Conclusions. Based on these findings, it can be argued that systemic lupus erythematosus is a common, frequently occurring disease, in 25–42% of cases manifested in the oral cavity. Timely diagnosis of the disease based on its dental manifestations at the stage of primary health care contributes to the proper routing and treatment of patients.

 стоматологическое здоровье системная красная волчанка коморбидное аутоиммунное заболевание заболевания пародонта поражение суставов dental health systemic lupus erythematosus autoimmune disease risk factors joint damage

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